Nokea
During the second stage, what do the birthing person's vital signs most likely show?
- A. increased heart rate during contractions, baseline heart rate between contractions
- B. increased heart rate during contractions, decreased heart rate between contractions
- C. decreased heart rate during contractions, increased heart rate between contractions
- D. decreased heart rate during contractions, baseline heart rate between contractions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During the second stage of labor (pushing stage), the birthing person's vital signs most likely show an increased heart rate during contractions and a baseline heart rate between contractions. This increase in heart rate is a normal physiological response to the exertion and pressure of pushing during contractions. Between contractions, the heart rate should return to a more stable baseline. It is important to monitor these vital signs to ensure the well-being of both the birthing person and the baby during childbirth.
You may also like to solve these questions
What effect will the presence of support people in labor most likely have?
- A. improve the experience of the birthing person
- B. improve the outcomes of the birthing person
- C. improve the outcomes and experience of the birthing person
- D. cause birth trauma and/or postpartum depression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The presence of support people during labor, such as a partner, family member, doula, or midwife, can have a positive impact on both the outcomes and experience of the birthing person. Studies have shown that having continuous support during labor can lead to shorter labor times, reduced need for medical interventions like cesarean sections or epidurals, increased satisfaction with the birth experience, and decreased likelihood of experiencing postpartum depression. Emotional support, physical comfort, and advocacy provided by support people can help the birthing person feel more empowered, confident, and less stressed during labor, ultimately leading to better outcomes and a more positive birth experience.
Cephalohematoma occurring from an operative vaginal delivery increased a newborn’s risk of developing which of the following complications?
- A. Bulging fontanels
- B. Developmental delays
- C. Jaundice
- D. Macrocephaly
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cephalohematomas are a common complication from operative vaginal deliveries. The accumulation of blood between the infant's skull and periosteum increases the risk of jaundice because of the breakdown of red blood cells, which can overwhelm the infant's immature liver and lead to hyperbilirubinemia.
The nurse hears the laboring patient making grunting noises. How will the nurse determine if the person is in the active second stage of labor?
- A. Assess for rupture of membranes.
- B. Assess for bloody show.
- C. Assess for dilation of the cervix.
- D. Assess for stool.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the active second stage of labor, the cervix is fully dilated to 10 centimeters. Grunting noises can be a sign of the transition to the pushing stage, which occurs in the active second stage of labor. Therefore, assessing for dilation of the cervix is crucial to determine if the laboring person is in the active second stage of labor.
A 24-year-old G4 T1 A2 L1 presents to obstetric triage with complaints of contractions every 3 minutes, accompanied by bright red vaginal bleeding. The woman is 29 weeks gestation with a twin pregnancy. She has had three urinary tract infections during this pregnancy and is currently taking Microbid daily as prophylaxis. Her last baby was born via cesarean section for breech malpresentation. She denies any other significant medical history. What risk factors for placenta previa does this patient have? Select all that apply.
- A. Maternal age of 24
- B. Twin gestation
- C. Gestational age of 29 weeks
- D. Previous delivery by cesarean section
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's age, history of cesarean section, and twin gestation all contribute to an increased risk of placenta previa. The most significant risk factor here is the previous cesarean section, which can cause scarring and increase the likelihood of abnormal placental implantation.
Uncontrolled maternal hyperventilation during labor results in
- A. metabolic acidosis.
- B. metabolic alkalosis.
- C. respiratory acidosis.
- D. respiratory alkalosis.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Uncontrolled maternal hyperventilation during labor leads to excessive elimination of carbon dioxide, causing a decrease in the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2). This results in respiratory alkalosis, as the pH of the blood increases due to a decrease in PaCO2. Metabolic acidosis (Option A) would be associated with conditions such as lactic acidosis, while metabolic alkalosis (Option B) would involve excessive loss of acid or gain of base, but in this case, the primary effect is on the respiratory system. Respiratory acidosis (Option C) would be characterized by an increase in PaCO2 leading to a decrease in pH, which is the opposite of what occurs in maternal hyperventilation.