Nokea
Ella's states'I wish I were dead . I cannot stand anymore not having lory around." ; your most appropriate Nursing action would be:
- A. Do nothing because Ella will not do it
- B. Stay with Ella
- C. Refer Ella to your supervisor
- D. Explore Ella's feelings
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important for the nurse to explore Ella's feelings further when she expresses thoughts of wishing to be dead and struggling with not having someone around. These statements indicate that Ella may be experiencing emotional distress or depression, which require immediate attention. By exploring Ella's feelings, the nurse can assess the severity of her emotional state, provide appropriate support, and potentially prevent any harm or self-harm. It is crucial to address and validate her emotions, as well as to initiate necessary interventions to ensure her safety and well-being.
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Which of the following conditions is characterized by the formation of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate stones within the renal collecting system?
- A. Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction
- B. Ureterovesical junction (UVJ) obstruction
- C. Renal colic
- D. Nephrolithiasis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nephrolithiasis refers to the formation of stones within the kidney or urinary tract. The most common types of kidney stones are either composed of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate. When these stones form within the renal collecting system, they can lead to symptoms such as flank pain, hematuria, and urinary obstruction. Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction and ureterovesical junction (UVJ) obstruction are specific types of blockages within the urinary system that can be caused by kidney stones but are not characteristic of the stone formation itself. Renal colic is the term used to describe the severe pain associated with the passage of a kidney stone through the ureter.
A patient presents with fatigue, weakness, and jaundice. Laboratory tests reveal hemolytic anemia, elevated LDH, decreased haptoglobin, and presence of schistocytes on peripheral blood smear. Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause these findings?
- A. Hereditary spherocytosis
- B. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
- C. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)
- D. Thalassemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked recessive disorder that leads to hemolytic anemia in response to oxidative stress. The patient's presentation of fatigue, weakness, and jaundice along with laboratory findings of hemolytic anemia (evidenced by schistocytes), elevated LDH, and decreased haptoglobin are all characteristic of G6PD deficiency. The oxidative stress causes red blood cell destruction, resulting in the release of LDH and bilirubin, leading to jaundice. Decreased haptoglobin is seen due to its consumption in binding free hemoglobin released from the lysed red blood cells. Additionally, the presence of schistocytes on a peripheral blood smear is indicative of red blood cell fragmentation, a common finding in hemolytic anemias including G6PD deficiency
Despite the reaction of the patient, which of the ethical principle that the nurse is responsible of providing all patients with caring attention and information?
- A. Beneficence
- B. Veracity
- C. Nonmaleficence
- D. Advocacy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Advocacy is the ethical principle that the nurse is responsible for providing all patients with caring attention and information, despite the reaction of the patient. Advocacy involves supporting and speaking up for the patient's best interests, ensuring they receive the care and information they need to make informed decisions about their health and well-being. Providing caring attention and information is essential in advocating for the patient's autonomy and well-being, even if the patient may not initially appreciate or react positively to these efforts.
A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses to comply with a prescribed treatment regimen. What ethical principle should guide the nurse's approach to addressing the patient's refusal?
- A. Beneficence
- B. Autonomy
- C. Nonmaleficence
- D. Justice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ethical principle of autonomy emphasizes respecting the patient's right to make their own decisions regarding their treatment. In this scenario, the patient has the right to refuse treatment, and the nurse should respect that decision while also providing information and guidance to help the patient make informed choices. By upholding the principle of autonomy, the nurse can support the patient's decision-making process and work collaboratively with them to address any concerns or barriers to compliance with the treatment regimen. This approach honors the patient's right to self-determination and promotes a trusting relationship between the nurse and the patient.
Choose from the following the primary goals of TPN? I. promote weight gain II. improve nutritional status III. maintain muscle mass IV. establish nitrogen balance! V. enhance healing process
- A. I, II, & III
- B. I, & II,
- C. I, II, III, & IV
- D. I, II , III , IV & V
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is a method of providing nutrition to patients who cannot or should not obtain their nutrition through regular oral intake. The primary goals of TPN include promoting weight gain, improving nutritional status, maintaining muscle mass, and establishing nitrogen balance. These goals are crucial to support the overall health and well-being of the patient receiving TPN. Enhancing the healing process is an important aspect of TPN as well, but it is not considered one of the primary goals as weight gain, nutritional status, muscle mass, and nitrogen balance are typically the immediate priorities when administering TPN.