Nokea
Enzymes can ................. reactions.
- A. Catalyze
- B. Inhibit
- C. Stop
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enzymes function to catalyze reactions, which means they accelerate the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed in the process. Enzymes do not inhibit or stop reactions; instead, they facilitate and enable reactions to occur more efficiently. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Catalyze.'
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What must any solution injected into tissues be to prevent cells from shrinking or swelling?
- A. Distilled.
- B. Hypertonic.
- C. Hypotonic.
- D. Isotonic.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Isotonic. An isotonic solution has the same concentration of solutes as the cells in the tissues, preventing them from shrinking or swelling. If a solution is hypertonic (choice B), it has a higher solute concentration and would cause cells to shrink due to water leaving the cells. A hypotonic solution (choice C) has a lower solute concentration and would cause cells to swell as water enters the cells. Distilled water (choice A) lacks solutes and would cause cells to swell. Overall, an isotonic solution maintains cell volume and prevents any osmotic imbalances.
Which type of technological device mimics the human body's innate ability to maintain homeostasis?
- A. Thermostat.
- B. Cell phone.
- C. Vacuum cleaner.
- D. Electric iron.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Thermostat. A thermostat mimics the human body's ability to maintain homeostasis by regulating temperature to keep it within a narrow range. The human body also maintains internal balance through various physiological mechanisms. The other choices (B: Cell phone, C: Vacuum cleaner, D: Electric iron) do not relate to maintaining homeostasis. Cell phones are communication devices, vacuum cleaners clean surfaces, and electric irons press clothing. Only a thermostat is designed to monitor and adjust temperature to maintain a stable internal environment, similar to the body's homeostatic mechanisms.
Which disease is caused by a bacterium?
- A. Mumps
- B. Strep throat
- C. AIDS (HIV+)
- D. Common cold
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Strep throat is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes. Unlike mumps, which is a viral infection, AIDS caused by the HIV virus, and the common cold usually caused by rhinoviruses, strep throat is specifically a bacterial infection that can be treated with antibiotics.
What is the primary purpose of cellular respiration?
- A. To copy DNA
- B. To facilitate breathing
- C. To convert nutrients to energy
- D. To enable cell division
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cellular respiration is a fundamental metabolic process in cells where nutrients are broken down to produce energy in the form of ATP. This energy is essential for powering various cellular functions and activities. Therefore, the primary goal of cellular respiration is to convert nutrients into energy, providing the cell with the necessary fuel to efficiently carry out its functions.
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
- A. Produce enzymes.
- B. Produce oxygen molecules.
- C. Enable fermentation.
- D. Obtain energy in the form of ATP.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: