Nokea
Eucalyptus is an herbal product that can be used as a decongestant and expectorant. In which of the following client populations would the nurse identify a contraindication for its use? Select all that apply.
- A. Pregnant females
- B. Children younger than 2 years of age
- C. Lactating females
- D. Postmenopausal females
- E. Men
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The use of eucalyptus is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation, as well as in people who are hypersensitive to eucalyptus and in children younger than 2 years of age.
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After teaching a group of nursing students about antihistamines, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as less sedating? Select all that apply.
- A. Loratadine (Claritin)
- B. Fexofenadine (Allegra)
- C. Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
- D. Brompheniramine (Lodrane)
- E. Clemastine (Tavist)
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Loratadine, fexofenadine, and cetirizine are considered second-generation antihistamines that are less sedating than first-generation antihistamines (brompheniramine and clemastine).
A client with vasomotor rhinitis has been prescribed an antihistamine. The client is eager to know whether the prescribed antihistamine may cause excessive sedation. Which antihistamine would the nurse identify as having very little sedative effect?
- A. Brompheniramine
- B. Clemastine
- C. Chlorpheniramine
- D. Azelastine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should assure the client that azelastine has very little sedative effect; it is a second-generation antihistamine with little effect on central nervous system (CNS) depression. Brompheniramine, clemastine, and chlorpheniramine are first-generation antihistamines. Sedation is seen more often with first-generation antihistamines.
Before administering an antitussive to a client, which of the following would the nurse assess? Select all that apply.
- A. Temperature
- B. Sputum presence
- C. Type of cough
- D. Bowel sounds
- E. Heart sounds
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Vital signs, type of cough, presence of sputum, color and amount of sputum, home remedies used, and actions taken should be assessed prior to initiation of an antitussive. Bowel and heart sounds are not part of the preadministration assessment.
A client taking metoprolol (Lopressor) 50 mg one tablet twice daily begins taking over-the-counter pseudoephedrine. The nurse would assess for which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Hyperglycemic episode
- B. Hypertensive episode
- C. Rebound congestion
- D. Hypoglycemic episode
- E. Bradycardic episode
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: A client taking a beta-adrenergic blocker, such as metoprolol, and a decongestant, such as pseudoephedrine, may develop an initial hypertensive episode followed by a bradycardic episode.
A client with a nonproductive cough has been prescribed dextromethorphan HBr LiquiCaps. What instructions should the nurse provide the client to promote an optimal response to therapy?
- A. Take the drug with a glass of milk.
- B. Swallow the whole tablet and do not chew it.
- C. Dissolve the tablet in water and take the drug.
- D. Take the drug on an empty stomach.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to swallow the whole tablet and not to chew it to ensure that the drug is absorbed properly. The nurse need not instruct the client to take the drug with a glass of milk, dissolve the tablet in water and take the drug, or take the drug on an empty stomach.