Nokea
Explain four (4) the behavioral features of Anorexia Nervosa
- A. Restricting food intake
- B. Excessive exercise
- C. Body image distortion
- D. Fear of weight gain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These behaviors reflect the core features of anorexia: restriction, overactivity, distorted perception, and weight obsession.
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A 45-year-old married woman who works full time in a factory has recently been absent for 3-day periods on several occasions. Each time, she returned to work wearing dark glasses. Facial and body bruises were apparent. Her supervisor became suspicious that she was a victim of battering and referred her to the occupational health nurse. What should the nurse first focus on as she meets the patient?
- A. Notifying the police of the abuse
- B. Documenting the woman's injuries
- C. Establishing trust and building rapport
- D. Collecting evidence to prosecute the abuser
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Establishing trust and building rapport. The nurse should first focus on building a trusting relationship with the patient to create a safe environment for her to disclose any abuse she may be experiencing. By establishing trust and rapport, the nurse can gain the patient's confidence and encourage her to open up about her situation. This approach is crucial in ensuring the patient feels supported and empowered to seek help.
Incorrect choices:
A: Notifying the police of the abuse - This may jeopardize the patient's safety and could worsen the situation if she is not ready to involve law enforcement.
B: Documenting the woman's injuries - While documenting injuries is important, it should not be the first step as it may further distress the patient without addressing the underlying issue.
D: Collecting evidence to prosecute the abuser - Prosecution should not be the initial focus; the priority should be on the patient's well-being and safety.
A drug causes muscarinic receptor blockade. The nurse will assess the patient for
- A. Dry mouth.
- B. Gynecomastia.
- C. Pseudoparkinsonism.
- D. Orthostatic hypotension.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dry mouth. Muscarinic receptor blockade inhibits the action of acetylcholine, leading to decreased salivary gland secretion and causing dry mouth. Gynecomastia (B) is associated with antiandrogen medications. Pseudoparkinsonism (C) is a side effect of antipsychotic medications that block dopamine receptors. Orthostatic hypotension (D) is a side effect of alpha-1 adrenergic receptor blockade.
Which of the following statements by your ADHD childs parents indicate they need further teaching?
- A. We will establish firm but reasonable limits on his behavior
- B. We will give him his medication at night so it wont decrease his appetite
- C. We will set him up in a special program at his school so we he will get extra attention
- D. We will work to ensure he gets 8 hours of sleep a night
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stimulant medications are given for treatment of ADHD. These can cause insomnia if given later in the day.
Which of the following will lead one to need to consider autism spectrum disorder as a likely diagnosis?
- A. A girl spoke her first words at 14 months, enjoyed playing with Peppa Pig characters at age 2 daily. She tended to sit away from her classmates at recess at age 7 but when asked, would say she had 30 friends. She was very good at the piano and had strong knowledge of all the great composers at age 8. She entered the Gifted Education Programme at 10. At 13, she did poorly at group work, often talked about death and the afterlife, and became progressively silent
- B. A boy walked at 18 months, spoke his first words at 2 , and enjoyed playing Minecraft at 4 together with his friends. He participated at birthday parties. He struggled with composition writing, both for ideas and also for the efforts in writing in school, but managed an AL score of 18 and was promoted to secondary school
- C. A boy walked at 13 months and was a happy child in preschool. He started speaking at 18 months but did not recognise letters and numbers consistently until 4.5 years of age. He did not read until 7 . He was sometimes forgetful with instructions but did not cause disruption in school, though he was often the clown in class. He tended to not finish his work unless his parents sat with him. Nonetheless, he completed primary school with some extra time for exams and went on to secondary school
- D. A girl walked at 16 months and was often clumsy though she did not fall. She would bump into things and might drop items in her hands. She disliked writing and was slow to write. She could never complete her work in class. She would shade the wrong answers on the optical answer sheet although she knew the right answers. She had trouble with mathematics thoughout school but she enjoyed reading
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Option A shows social withdrawal, poor group interaction, and restricted interests (music, death themes), aligning with ASD criteria in DSM-5, unlike the others with more typical development or specific learning/motor issues.
An outpatient diagnosed with schizophrenia tells the nurse, I am here to save the world. I threw away the pills because they make God go away. The nurse identifies the patients reason for medication nonadherence as:
- A. poor alliance with clinicians.
- B. inadequate discharge planning.
- C. dislike of medication side effects.
- D. lack of insight associated with the illness.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's belief in an exalted role and rejection of medication due to hallucinations (God's voice) reflect lack of insight (D) into their illness, the primary reason for nonadherence here.