Nokea
Fetal circulation includes 3 shunts. Match each shunt to its physiologic action. Foramen ovale
- A. Connects the pulmonary artery and the aorta, bypassing the lungs.
- B. Connects the right and left atria.
- C. Connects the right and left ventricles.
- D. Allows the umbilical vein to bypass the liver to flow into the inferior vena cava.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Foramen ovale connects the right and left atria.
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An infertile couple learns that the female is unable to produce viable eggs. The male partner suggests the use of a surrogate as a means of having a child. The female states, 'I don’t want your baby with another woman!' The nurse is aware of which psychosocial issue with this couple?
- A. The male blames the female for the infertility
- B. The female is jealous of the surrogate’s fertility
- C. The male needs to have a child with his genes
- D. The female is experiencing self-esteem issues
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The female is experiencing self-esteem issues due to infertility and the suggestion of a surrogate. The other choices either misinterpret the scenario or are less likely explanations for her reaction.
A student nurse is learning about prenatal testing for fetal genetic disorders and neural tube defects. What prenatal tests are screening tests in the second trimester? Select all that apply.
- A. amniocentesis
- B. multiple marker
- C. cell-free DNA
- D. chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Screening tests include multiple markers and alpha-fetoprotein, while amniocentesis and CVS are diagnostic.
The most critical time of development during pregnancy is during organogenesis, where teratogens can cause congenital abnormalities. When is this time period?
- A. At the time of fertilization
- B. During the zygote period
- C. During the embryonic period
- D. At 20 weeks gestation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Organogenesis occurs during the embryonic period, where teratogens have the highest impact.
What medication would the nurse include in the discharge teaching for a patient after an egg retrieval?
- A. birth control pills
- B. follitropin
- C. estrogen supplementation
- D. ganirelix acetate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Estrogen supplementation is often prescribed after egg retrieval to support the endometrial lining for embryo transfer.
The nurse is explaining fetal circulation to a student. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
- A. There is an opening between the atria that allows blood to flow directly to the lungs for oxygenation.
- B. There is a shunt between the aorta and the pulmonary vein that bypasses the lungs.
- C. The ductus arteriosus allows blood to flow from the pulmonary artery to the aorta.
- D. The foramen ovale closes just before birth.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus allows blood to bypass the lungs, directing it from the pulmonary artery to the aorta.