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Fill in the acronym for the care of a sprain.
- A. Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
- B. Reduce, Immobilize, Cool, Elevate
- C. Rest, Inspect, Compress, Exercise
- D. Relax, Ice, Compress, Extend
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The acronym for sprain care is RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation, which reduces swelling and promotes healing. Other options include incorrect components.
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Which of the following would you include when you teach a patient about using a cane?
- A. Hold the cane on your affected side.
- B. Move the unaffected leg and the cane together, and then move the affected leg.
- C. Lean to the side the cane is on for best support.
- D. Hold the cane on the unaffected side, move it with the unaffected leg, then move the affected leg.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The cane is held on the unaffected side, moved with the unaffected leg, then followed by the affected leg for proper support and balance.
You are caring for a young child with hip dysplasia who is in a spica cast. An important nursing concern is
- A. Assessing circulation to the fingers and hands.
- B. Moving the patient carefully without using the abductor bar.
- C. Keeping the patient's hips elevated above the heart.
- D. Aligning the hips each time the patient is turned.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a spica cast, the abductor bar maintains hip alignment and should not be used to move the patient, as this could disrupt the cast or alignment. Circulation is assessed in the toes, not fingers.
You are working in a home health setting. Which of the following assessments would cause you to consider asking your supervisor to arrange for a physical therapy referral for your patient?
- A. The patient is ambulating in the home with a walker.
- B. The patient had surgery recently and is holding on to furniture to ambulate.
- C. The patient uses a wheelchair in the home, which has been remodeled to accommodate it.
- D. The patient is able to transfer with the assistance of one person and has a 24-hour caregiver in the home.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Holding onto furniture to ambulate post-surgery indicates unsafe mobility, warranting a physical therapy referral to improve strength and safety. Other options suggest stable mobility or adequate support.
A patient who has had a total knee replacement asks you to take off the CPM machine after 1 hour, although it is ordered to be on for 2 hours. How will you respond?
- A. Explain the importance of completing the full 2 hours to promote recovery.
- B. Remove the CPM machine as requested to respect patient autonomy.
- C. Adjust the CPM settings to reduce discomfort.
- D. Contact the provider to modify the order.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Explaining the importance of the full 2-hour CPM duration encourages compliance to improve joint mobility and recovery. Other options may undermine the treatment plan.
Which would you consider to be significant findings when caring for a patient with skeletal traction?
- A. Redness and swelling at the pin insertion sites
- B. A small amount of serosanguineous drainage at the pin insertion sites
- C. Purulent drainage at the pin insertion sites
- D. Mild discomfort when the patient moves the limb in traction
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Redness, swelling, and purulent drainage at pin sites indicate potential infection, which is significant. Mild discomfort and serosanguineous drainage are expected.