Nokea
Five months following treatment for Herpes zoster (shingles), an older adult client tells the home health nurse of continuing to experience pain where the rash occurred. Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. Perform a complete mental status exam.
- B. Determine if the client has had a shingles vaccination.
- C. Teach the client about phantom pain symptoms.
- D. Complete an assessment of the client's pain.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Completing a pain assessment is the most important action to identify the cause, severity, and impact of the pain, likely postherpetic neuralgia, to plan appropriate interventions.
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The healthcare provider prescribes 1 liter of 0.9% sodium chloride, USP intravenously (IV) to be infused over 10 hours for a client. How many mL/hr should the nurse program the infusion pump to deliver? (Enter numerical value only.)
- A. 100
Correct Answer: 100
Rationale: To deliver 1000 mL over 10 hours, the rate is calculated as 1000 mL / 10 hr = 100 mL/hr.
After teaching a client newly diagnosed with cholecystitis about recommended diet changes, the nurse evaluates the client's learning. Which food choices eliminated by the client indicate to the nurse that teaching has been successful?
- A. Canned vegetables with additional table salt.
- B. Pasta with herbal butter and no meat sauce.
- C. Citrus fruit and melon with a salt substitute.
- D. Whole milk and daily servings of ice cream.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Eliminating whole milk and daily ice cream indicates successful teaching, as these high-fat foods can worsen gallbladder inflammation and increase gallstone formation risk.
A patient experiences residual effects following an acute attack of Ménière's disease and receives a new prescription for an antihistamine. Which assessment finding indicates that the medication is effective?
- A. Headache rated at 0 on 0 to 10 scale.
- B. Oxygen saturation level of 99%.
- C. Ambulates easily without vertigo.
- D. Blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ambulating easily without vertigo indicates the antihistamine is effective, as it reduces fluid buildup in the inner ear, relieving vertigo, a common symptom of Ménière's disease.
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease is to begin hemodialysis treatment. Which statement should the nurse include in client education?
- A. Prepare for an abdominal catheter.
- B. Continue routine medications.
- C. Expect the insulin dosage to be reduced.
- D. Include potassium-rich foods in the diet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin dosage may need to be reduced during hemodialysis because insulin is removed by the dialyzer and blood glucose levels may drop. This is the correct statement to include in client education.
In assessing a client with ulcers on the lower extremity, which findings indicate that the ulcers are likely to be of venous, rather than arterial, origin?
- A. Irregular ulcer shapes and severe edema.
- B. Hairless lower extremities and cool feet.
- C. Black ulcers and dependent rubor.
- D. Absent pedal pulses and shiny skin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Irregular ulcer shapes and severe edema are characteristic of venous ulcers, caused by impaired venous return and increased capillary pressure.