Nokea
Following a heart transplant, a client is started on medication to prevent organ rejection. Which category of medication prevents the formation of antibodies against the new organ?
- A. Antivirals
- B. Antibiotics
- C. Immunosuppressants
- D. Analgesics
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immunosuppressants, such as cyclosporine, prevent the immune system from forming antibodies against the transplanted heart.
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The nurse is reviewing a client's PRN pain medications. There is an order for acetaminophen 1,000 mg PO q4 hours as needed for pain. How should the nurse proceed?
- A. call the health care provider to clarify the order
- B. administer the medication as ordered if needed for pain
- C. give other PRN medications for pain and ignore the order
- D. avoid giving pain medication every 4 hours and give it every 6 hours
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acetaminophen 1,000 mg q4 hours PRN is within safe dosing (max 4,000 mg/day), so it can be administered as ordered.
While administering a chemotherapeutic vesicant, the nurse notes that there is a lack of blood return from the IV catheter. The nurse should:
- A. Stop the medication from infusing
- B. Flush the IV catheter with normal saline
- C. Apply a tourniquet and call the doctor
- D. Continue the IV and assess the site for edema
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lack of blood return suggests possible extravasation of a vesicant, which can cause tissue damage; stopping the infusion immediately prevents further harm.
The nurse is caring for a client receiving theophylline for asthma. In reviewing client labs, the nurse understands that the dose is therapeutic when the drug level is at what concentration?
- A. 0.8-2 mcg/L
- B. 10-20 mg/L
- C. 10-20 mcg/mL
- D. 0.8-12 mmol/L
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The therapeutic range for theophylline is 10-20 mcg/mL. Other ranges are incorrect for this medication.
Which finding is associated with Tay Sachs disease?
- A. Pallor of the conjunctiva
- B. Cherry-red spots on the macula
- C. Blue-tinged sclera
- D. White flecks in the iris
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cherry-red spots on the macula are a classic finding in Tay-Sachs disease due to lipid accumulation in retinal ganglion cells.
A pediatric client with burns to the hands and arms has dressing changes with Sulfamylon (mafenide acetate) cream. The nurse is aware that the medication:
- A. Will cause dark staining of the surrounding skin
- B. Produces a cooling sensation when applied
- C. Can alter the function of the thyroid
- D. Produces a burning sensation when applied
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sulfamylon (mafenide acetate) causes a burning sensation upon application, which should be explained to the client.