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Following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a patient is discharged from the hospital with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching plan?
- A. Eliminate all spicy foods from your diet
- B. Drink 3 liters of water each day
- C. Clamp the catheter when taking a shower
- D. Avoid driving a car for 2 weeks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drinking 3 liters of water daily flushes the bladder, reducing infection risk post-TURP.
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A nurse is educating a patient with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy. What advice should the nurse give?
- A. Shoes should be worn outside the house, but it is fine to be barefoot inside.
- B. Family members can assist with regular foot exams.
- C. Heating pads are useful if used on the lowest setting.
- D. Aching feet may be soaked in lukewarm water for one hour or more.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Family members assisting with regular foot exams helps detect early signs of injury or infection, critical for preventing complications in diabetic neuropathy.
A patient in the operating room has been administered succinylcholine and is now experiencing muscle rigidity and an extremely high temperature. What should the nurse do next?
- A. Call the PACU nurse to prepare for prolonged ventilatory support.
- B. Hold a prescription for dantrolene until the fever is reduced.
- C. Prepare ice packs for placement in the patient's axillary area.
- D. Determine if prescribed antibiotics were administered preoperatively.
- E. None
- F. None
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Applying ice packs addresses hyperthermia in malignant hyperthermia, a critical response to succinylcholine-induced symptoms.
The nurse assesses a client with petechiae and ecchymosis scattered across the arms and legs. Which laboratory result should the nurse review?
- A. White blood cell count.
- B. Platelet count.
- C. Red blood cell count.
- D. Hemoglobin levels.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Platelet count is critical as low levels cause petechiae and ecchymosis due to bleeding tendencies.
The parent of an adolescent tells the clinic nurse, 'My child has athlete's foot. I have been applying triple antibiotic ointment for two days, but there has been no improvement.' Which instruction should the nurse provide?
- A. Antibiotics take two weeks to become effective against infections such as athlete's foot.
- B. Continue using the ointment for a full week, even after the symptoms disappear.
- C. Applying too much ointment can deter its effectiveness. Apply a thin layer to prevent maceration.
- D. Stop using the ointment and encourage complete drying of feet and wearing clean socks.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Athlete's foot is fungal, not bacterial; stopping antibiotic ointment and keeping feet dry with clean socks aids treatment.
The nurse is preparing a client for discharge who was recently diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in this client's discharge teaching plan?
- A. Take prescribed cortisone accurately.
- B. Use a walker when weakness occurs.
- C. Avoid extreme environmental temperatures.
- D. Increase daily intake of sodium in diet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Accurate cortisone administration is vital to manage Addison's disease and prevent adrenal crisis.