Nokea
Following segmental resection for bronchiectasis, what is most important for Mr. Jones?
- A. Cough and deep breathe every 1-2 hours
- B. Limit fluid intake
- C. Lie flat in bed
- D. Receive analgesia every 6 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular coughing and deep breathing prevent atelectasis and pneumonia.
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Pain has been defined as “whatever the person experiencing the pain says it is, existing whenever the patient says it does.” This definition is problematic for the nurse when caring for which type of patient?
- A. A patient placed on a ventilator
- B. A patient with a history of opioid addiction
- C. A patient with decreased cognitive function
- D. A patient with pain resulting from severe trauma
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Patients with decreased cognitive function may have difficulty communicating their pain, making this definition challenging.
When performing a neurologic assessment on Ken, the physician notices that there is contraction of his facial muscle after tapping the facial nerve anterior to his ear. He recognizes this as Chvostek’s sign. This is seen in:
- A. Hyponatremia.
- B. Hypokalemia.
- C. Hypocalcemia.
- D. Hypomagnesemia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Hypocalcemia (C). Chvostek's sign is a clinical sign of hypocalcemia, where tapping the facial nerve causes twitching of facial muscles due to increased neuromuscular excitability caused by low calcium levels.
When assigning staff to patients who are receiving chemotherapy, what is the major consideration about chemotherapeutic drugs?
- A. During preparation,drugs may be absorbed through the skin or inhaled.
- B. Many chemotherapeutics are vesicants.
- C. Chemotherapeutics are frequently given through central venous access devices.
- D. Oral and venous routes are the most common.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Safety precautions during drug preparation are paramount due to the potential for hazardous exposure to healthcare workers.
A confirmatory laboratory test for HIV includes
- A. Western blot.
- B. Low WBC.
- C. Comprehensive metabolic panel.
- D. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Western blot is used to confirm HIV infection.
What type of contamination is the nurse trying to eliminate when he or she requests people to remove all garments before entering a house or shelter?
- A. Internal radiologic contamination
- B. External vesicant contamination
- C. External radioactive contamination
- D. Cross-contamination
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because removing contaminated clothing reduces external radioactive exposure.