Nokea
Food and chyme are pushed through the digestive system by:
- A. ingestion
- B. mastication
- C. assimilation
- D. peristalsis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Peristalsis refers to the rhythmic contractions of smooth muscle that propel food and chyme through the digestive tract.
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Match each term with the correct description: filtering units of kidney
- A. urethra
- B. nephrons
- C. bladder
- D. kidneys
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrons are the filtering units within the kidneys.
A dysfunction of the parietal cells of gastric glands would result in a decreased production of which two of the following?
- A. mucus
- B. pepsinogen
- C. hydrochloric acid
- D. pepsin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor.
Secondary papilla has separate epith. Cap in:
- A. Filiform papilla.
- B. Fungiform papilla.
- C. Foliate papilla.
- D. Circumvallate papilla.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Filiform papillae have secondary papillae with separate epithelial caps extending from the primary papillae, unlike other papillae types.
Match: Chyme
- A. a mixture of partially digested food, water, and gastric juice
- B. undigested fiber
- C. stored bile
- D. salivary secretion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chyme is the semi-fluid mass of partly digested food expelled by the stomach into the duodenum.
Trypsin is an endopeptidase. What does this mean?
- A. It breaks the protein from the ends and middle forming smaller molecules
- B. It breaks the protein from the ends forming amino acids
- C. It breaks down carbohydrates forming sugars
- D. It breaks the protein in the middle of the molecule forming smaller polypeptides
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Trypsin, an endopeptidase, cleaves peptide bonds within protein chains, producing smaller polypeptides.