Nokea
For a patient with GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), which dietary advice is most appropriate?
- A. Increase spicy foods
- B. Avoid fatty foods
- C. Increase citrus fruits
- D. Reduce water intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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All of the following are electrolytes except:
- A. chloride
- B. potassium
- C. sodium
- D. iron
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Which factor has been shown to increase the risk of development of atherosclerosis?
- A. Menopause
- B. Age older than 35
- C. Increased levels of arachidonic acid
- D. Elevated HDL cholesterol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Menopause. Menopause is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis due to hormonal changes that affect lipid profiles and vascular health. Conversely, B: Age older than 35 is not necessarily a risk factor for atherosclerosis on its own, though atherosclerosis risk does generally increase with age. C: Increased levels of arachidonic acid is not specifically linked to atherosclerosis; it's a fatty acid that can be both beneficial and harmful to health depending on its metabolic pathway. D: Elevated HDL cholesterol is actually beneficial rather than harmful because HDL cholesterol is known as 'good' cholesterol that helps to reduce the risk of heart disease and atherosclerosis.
Which types of lipids must be listed on the food label? Select all that apply.
- A. Total fat
- B. Saturated fat
- C. Trans fat
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D. All of the above'. This is because, according to regulations, food labels must include the information on total fat, saturated fat, and trans fat. These types of fats are crucial for consumers to monitor, as they can significantly affect heart health. Choices A, B, and C are all correct, but they are only parts of the total information that must be provided. Therefore, the most comprehensive answer is 'D. All of the above'.
During which stage of life is it most critical to build bone mass to prevent osteoporosis?
- A. Infancy
- B. Early childhood
- C. Adolescence
- D. Young adulthood
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adolescence is the most critical stage for building bone mass, which plays a significant role in preventing osteoporosis in later life. During adolescence, approximately 45% of adult bone mass is formed. Although bone mass can be built during infancy, early childhood, and young adulthood, it is not as significant as during adolescence, making choices A, B, and D incorrect. Therefore, focusing on adequate nutrition and physical activity during adolescence is vital for long-term bone health.
Who most often prescribes a patient's diet order?
- A. Registered Nurse
- B. Physician
- C. Registered Dietetic Technician
- D. Occupational Therapist
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A patient's dietary order is most frequently prescribed by a physician. This is because the physician has a comprehensive understanding of the patient's medical condition and can thus determine the most suitable dietary plan. Registered dietitians often collaborate with physicians in this process, but the final prescription is made by the physician. Although registered nurses, dietetic technicians, and occupational therapists play significant roles in patient care, they typically do not prescribe diet orders.