Nokea
For a patient with osteogenic sarcoma, you would be particularly vigilant for elevations in which laboratory value?
- A. Sodium.
- B. Calcium.
- C. Potassium.
- D. Hematocrit.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevated calcium levels are commonly associated with osteogenic sarcoma due to bone destruction and release of calcium into the bloodstream.
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Which BMI is typically associated with anorexia nervosa?
- A. Increase protein intake
- B. Reduce carbohydrate consumption
- C. Drink more water
- D. Take vitamin supplements
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it is the most appropriate response based on physiological and medical principles.
What considerations and interventions should be used when caring for a client with a hearing impairment?
- A. Use written communication
- B. Speak loudly and slowly
- C. Provide visual aids
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Using multiple strategies ensures effective communication and accommodation for the client's needs.
The healthcare provider is caring for a postoperative client who has a chest tube connected to suction and a water seal drainage system. Which of the following indicates to the healthcare provider that the chest tube is functioning properly?
- A. Fluctuation of the fluid level within the water seal chamber
- B. Absence of fluid in the drainage tubing
- C. Continuous bubbling within the water seal chamber
- D. Equal amounts of fluid drainage in each collection chamber
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fluctuation of the fluid level within the water seal chamber. This indicates proper chest tube function as it shows that the system is maintaining the desired pressure and allowing for adequate drainage without obstruction. When the patient breathes in and out, the fluid level fluctuates due to changes in intrathoracic pressure.
Explanation of other choices:
B: Absence of fluid in the drainage tubing - This would indicate a problem with drainage, possibly due to a blockage in the tubing.
C: Continuous bubbling within the water seal chamber - This would suggest an air leak in the system, which is not ideal as it can lead to lung collapse.
D: Equal amounts of fluid drainage in each collection chamber - While equal drainage is good, it does not specifically indicate proper chest tube function like the fluctuation of the fluid level does.
18. Melatonin’s use is based on scientific evidence. The patient with which problem would benefit from melatonin?
- A. Sleep problems
- B. Mild depression
- C. High cholesterol
- D. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Melatonin is scientifically supported for addressing sleep problems (option A), such as insomnia or jet lag.
What volume of fluid loss causes marked deterioration in hypovolemic shock?
- A. 30% to 40% (1500 mL to 2000 mL)
- B. 15% to 30% (750 mL to 1500 mL)
- C. 10% to 15% (500 mL to 750 mL)
- D. More than 40% (more than 2000 mL)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loss of 15% to 30% of blood volume significantly impairs circulation and tissue perfusion.