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For the past 3 weeks, the nurse has observed a patient interacting with staff and other patients, helping decorate the dining room for a party, and leading the singing in the activity room. Today, the patient tearfully refuses to dress or get out of bed. The nurse recognizes these behaviors as evidence of which psychiatric disorder?
- A. Unipolar depression
- B. Dysthymic disorder
- C. Hypomanic episode
- D. Bipolar disorder
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bipolar disorder can cause the patient to experience a sudden shift in emotion from one extreme to the other.
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The nurse recognizes that researchers have identified that hereditary factors account for what percentage of mood disorders?
- A. 10% to 15%
- B. 20% to 30%
- C. 35% to 50%
- D. 60% to 80%
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Research indicates that hereditary factors account for 60% to 80% of mood disorders.
The patient talks with his dead brother and arranges furniture so that his brother will have a place to sit. How should the nurse document this behavior?
- A. Disordered thinking
- B. Anhedonia
- C. Hallucination
- D. Alogia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A hallucination is a sensory experience without a stimulus trigger. Disordered thinking occurs when the individual is not able to interpret information being received in the brain. Anhedonia describes lack of expressed feelings. Alogia is reduced content of speech.
What is the term used for the beginning stage of schizophrenia, characterized by a lack of energy and complaints of multiple physical problems?
- A. Prepsychotic
- B. Residual
- C. Acute
- D. Prodromal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The prodromal phase is the beginning stage of schizophrenia. Hallucinations and delusions sometimes occur in the prepsychotic stage. In the acute phase, individuals often lose touch with reality. The residual phase follows the acute phase and the symptoms of that phase are similar to those of the prodromal stage.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychiatric Disorders, V (DSM-V), is used by most hospitals and is the current tool used to examine mental health and illness. What approach does the DSM-V use to classify mental disorders?
- A. Holistic system
- B. Hierarchical system
- C. Multiaxial system
- D. Evaluation system
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The DSM-V is a multiaxial system.
A 14-year-old survivor of a school shooting screams and dives under a table when firecrackers go off. What does this behavior represent?
- A. Phobia
- B. Posttraumatic stress disorder
- C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- D. Disordered thinking
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Posttraumatic stress disorder describes a response to an intense traumatic experience that is beyond the usual range of human experience.