Nokea
For which reason is otitis media found more frequently in children 6 to 36 months?
- A. Eustachian tubes in children are shorter and straighter.
- B. Infection descends via the eustachian tube to the throat.
- C. Children's eustachian tubes are more vertical and longer.
- D. Otitis media is seen equally in both children and adults.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children's shorter and straighter eustachian tubes provide easier access of the organisms from the nasopharynx to travel to the middle ear.
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The nurse will provide which advise for a patient who has severe vertigo from labyrinthitis?
- A. Lean against a wall and not move the head forward until vertigo lessens.
- B. Bend at the waist and take several deep breaths.
- C. Drink an iced drink slowly.
- D. Lie immobile and hold the head in one position until the vertigo lessens.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lying immobile and holding the head in one position will lessen vertigo.
When the patient stares at the black dot on an Amsler grid, which abnormality should the nurse ask him to report?
- A. Any color visible on the grid
- B. Fading of the edges of the grid
- C. Any distortion of the grid
- D. Movement of the black dot
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Amsler grid, a diagnostic tool for retinal disorders, requires that the patient look at the dot on the grid and report any distortion in the grid lines.
Which anatomical change is associated with diabetes retinopathy?
- A. Capillaries in retina hemorrhage
- B. Long-term overdosing of insulin
- C. Retinal detachment
- D. Aging
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Retinopathy is caused when the capillaries in the retina have aneurysms or hemorrhage.
The nurse clarifies that the difference between a photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and a laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is that a LASIK is intended to improve vision in which way?
- A. reshapes the central cornea.
- B. makes partial-thickness radial incisions in the cornea.
- C. removes some internal layers of the cornea.
- D. implants intracorneal rings.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The LASIK procedure removes some of the internal layers of the cornea affecting the central zone of vision.
Which term describes the process when the lens of the eye changes its curvature to focus on the retina?
- A. Accommodation
- B. Constriction
- C. Convergence
- D. Refraction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ability of the lens to alter its curvature as it focuses on the retina is accommodation.