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Four students come to the school clinic simultaneously, seeking help from the school nurse. In which order of priority should the nurse provide care to these students? (Arrange the client with the highest priority first, on top, and lowest priority last, on bottom.)
- A. A 12-year-old child with history of asthma who is wheezing and reporting shortness of breath.
- B. A 7-year-old child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and is experiencing extreme hunger and shakiness
- C. A 10-year-old child with bleeding lacerations on both knees after falling in gym class.
- D. A 5-year-old child who is crying uncontrollably because of an incontinent bowel episode.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Asthma exacerbation (A) is life-threatening, requiring immediate intervention. Hypoglycemia (B) is urgent to prevent complications. Bleeding lacerations (C) need prompt care but are less critical. Incontinence (D) is least urgent, focusing on comfort after addressing medical emergencies.
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The city health department director asks the community health nurse to make a presentation describing the greatest health concern facing the city. How should the nurse begin to collect the data needed for this presentation?
- A. Review morbidity data for the city's population compiled by the Bureau of Vital Statistics.
- B. Conduct a random telephone survey to determine the public's perception about health problems.
- C. Call American Medical Association members to determine the most frequently treated diagnoses.
- D. Survey major hospitals in the area to determine the most common reasons for admissions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morbidity data from the Bureau of Vital Statistics provides comprehensive, objective information on disease prevalence, identifying major health concerns.
A prescription for discharge is written for an elderly client who has asked to be discharged to home. The client lives alone and is able to walk 10 to 15 feet (3 to 4.5 meters) with assistance. Which action should the nurse implement first?
- A. Review the home medication schedule with the client and family.
- B. Provide the client with information about medical alert devices.
- C. Arrange for a bedside commode to be delivered to the home.
- D. Meet with the case manager to plan a home safety evaluation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A home safety evaluation is critical to identify hazards and ensure the client's limited mobility is accommodated, preventing falls and ensuring safety.
The nurse notes that the influenza immunization rates are much lower for certain demographic groups than for others. Which intervention is likely to be most useful in increasing the rates of immunization in these under-served immunization groups?
- A. Legislative proposals that mandate influenza vaccinations for all.
- B. Radio announcements about the availability of the influenza vaccine.
- C. Reports describing influenza rates during times of greatest prevalence.
- D. Designation of clinics conveniently located in target neighborhoods.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Conveniently located clinics address access barriers, increasing influenza vaccination rates in underserved groups.
When assessing the health of a community, which is the most important information for the nurse to obtain?
- A. Mortality rate in the community.
- B. Expressed needs of community members.
- C. Life expectancy of clients in the community.
- D. Description of health problems by community leaders.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Expressed needs of community members provide direct insight into specific health concerns and priorities, ensuring interventions are relevant and effective.
The nurse is planning a health fair for high school students. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain?
- A. Weight and height.
- B. Sexual activity.
- C. Immunization history.
- D. Visual acuity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing sexual activity is critical for high school students to address sexual health, STIs, and pregnancy risks, guiding tailored education and interventions.