Nokea
Growth hormone secretion is raised by:
- A. Sleep
- B. Stress
- C. IGF-1
- D. Somatostatin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sleep
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Anthracycline (doxorubicin) on rare occasion causes acute inflammatory myocardial injury, but more classically results in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in up to 30% of patients with a cumulative dose of doxorubicin exceeding
- A. 250 mg/m²
- B. 350 mg/m²
- C. 450 mg/m²
- D. 550 mg/m²
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A cumulative dose of doxorubicin exceeding 550 mg/m² is associated with increased risk of dilated cardiomyopathy.
All are true about TAPSE (Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion), except
- A. Normal TAPSE is >17 mm
- B. Reliable measure of RV systolic function
- C. Can be measured using either M-mode or 2D echo
- D. TAPSE is measured at septal aspect of tricuspid annulus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: TAPSE is measured at the lateral aspect of the tricuspid annulus, not the septal aspect.
Which of the following is an example of ductus dependent systemic circulation?
- A. Severe Ebstein's anomaly
- B. Pulmonary atresia
- C. Tricuspid atresia
- D. Interruption of aortic arch
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Interruption of aortic arch is ductus dependent as it relies on the ductus arteriosus for systemic blood flow.
Causes for hypertension in childhood
- A. PDA
- B. Hemolytic uremic syndrome
- C. Guillain-Barre syndrome
- D. Lead poisoning
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common cause of hypertension in childhood.
Causes of a loin mass and haematuria:
- A. Wilm's tumour
- B. Polycystic kidney disease
- C. Pyonephrosis
- D. Renal vein thrombosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wilm's tumour is a common cause of a loin mass and haematuria in children. Polycystic kidney disease and pyonephrosis can also present similarly.