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he theorist who believes that human have unconscious motives is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. Abraham Maslow
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis centers on unconscious motives driving behavior.
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Which of the following approaches is most likely to address patients' and families' concerns about perceived racial disparities in clinical care and research?
- A. Emphasize that race has no bearing on health care
- B. Assure patients that all medications and treatments have established safety and efficacy in all race/ethnic groups
- C. Openly discuss established differences among race/ethnic groups related to treatment and areas where differences may exist but remain unknown
- D. Limit opportunities for patients to speak to family members and friends about their concerns
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Transparent discussion builds trust by acknowledging disparities.
A patient asks, 'What is the main purpose of these medications I take for my HIV?' Which response should the nurse make?
- A. They encapsulate the virus-infected cells.'
- B. They mark the virus for natural killer cells to destroy.'
- C. They attract macrophages to the cells making the virus.'
- D. They inhibit enzymes to interfere with viral production.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because antiretroviral medications used for HIV treatment work by inhibiting enzymes essential for viral replication, thus interfering with viral production. This prevents the virus from multiplying and spreading in the body. Option A is incorrect as medications do not encapsulate virus-infected cells. Option B is incorrect as the medications do not mark the virus for natural killer cells. Option C is incorrect as medications do not attract macrophages to the cells.
Which of the following roles does a case manager not perform?
- A. Counselor - a client focussed enabler and educator
- B. Advisor - providing the client with advice from previous experience
- C. Coordinator - Matching a client with services, brokering
- D. Advocacy - Focus on mediating and organizing a client's service system
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Advising from personal experience is less typical; case managers focus on systemic roles.
A client diagnosed with chronic depression appears sad and joyless when arriving at the mental health clinic for a scheduled appointment. The nurse best assesses the client's mood by:
- A. Observing the client's posture, dress, and hygiene in detail.
- B. Asking, 'You seem very sad and forlorn; are you depressed today?'
- C. Asking, 'On a scale of 0 to 10 with 10 being as happy as you can ever remember being, how do you feel today?'
- D. Observing the way the client interacts with other staff to determine whether the client is demonstrating signs of depression.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it directly assesses the client's self-reported mood level, providing valuable insight into their emotional state. By using a standardized scale, the nurse can quantitatively evaluate the client's mood, allowing for a more accurate assessment.
Choice A is incorrect because assessing posture, dress, and hygiene does not directly assess the client's mood; it provides information on physical appearance.
Choice B is incorrect because asking if the client is depressed is leading and may not elicit an accurate response; it assumes the client's emotional state.
Choice D is incorrect because observing interactions with staff may not accurately reflect the client's mood; it could be influenced by various factors such as social skills or current circumstances.
Registered nurses care for clients in many settings and environments. These clients can be individual clients, couples, families, populations and communities. You have decided to use the Dimensions Model of Health model to assess, monitor and evaluate the health status of the community. Which of these dimensions is NOT an element of this Dimensions Model of Health model?
- A. The Biophysical Dimension
- B. The Psychological and Emotional Dimension
- C. The Spiritual Dimension
- D. The Health Systems Dimension
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Health Systems is not a dimension in this model.