Nokea
Her diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder constantly does repetitive cleaning. The nurse knows that this behavior is probably MOST basically, an attempt to _______.
- A. Decrease the anxiety to a tolerable level
- B. Focus attention on non-threatening tasks
- C. Control others
- D. Decrease time available for interaction with people
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The behavior of repetitive cleaning in someone diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder is likely an attempt to decrease the anxiety to a tolerable level. People with OCD often engage in compulsive behaviors, such as cleaning, in an effort to alleviate the distress and anxiety caused by obsessive thoughts. This repetitive action provides a sense of control and temporary relief from the anxiety associated with their obsessive thoughts. By engaging in cleaning rituals, individuals with OCD can try to reduce their anxious feelings and create a sense of order and cleanliness in their environment.
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The young mother wanted to know about the motor development APPROPRIATE in a preschooler. Which of the following statements NOT true?
- A. "He can tie shoe lace"
- B. "He can alternate feet when climbing"
- C. "He has not developed good postures"
- D. "He can hop two or more times"
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement that the preschooler can alternate feet when climbing is not true. Typically, preschoolers at this age group are still developing their coordination and may not have mastered the skill of alternating feet while climbing. It is more common for them to use one foot after the other while climbing. This skill usually requires more advanced motor development and coordination, which may come later in the preschool years.
A patient with advanced cancer experiences dyspnea and anxiety during episodes of breathlessness. Which intervention should the palliative nurse prioritize to address the patient's symptoms?
- A. Administer oxygen therapy to relieve dyspnea.
- B. Teach the patient pursed-lip breathing techniques.
- C. Recommend opioid medications for symptom management.
- D. Refer the patient to a respiratory therapist for breathing exercises.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Opioid medications are considered the first-line pharmacological treatment for dyspnea in palliative care patients with advanced cancer. Opioids help relieve dyspnea by reducing respiratory drive and the sensation of breathlessness, providing effective symptom management. In this case, addressing the patient's dyspnea with opioid medications would likely also help alleviate their anxiety related to breathlessness. Administering oxygen therapy (choice A) may not be effective at relieving dyspnea in this situation, as dyspnea in advanced cancer patients is often not primarily due to low oxygen levels. Teaching pursed-lip breathing techniques (choice B) and referring the patient to a respiratory therapist for breathing exercises (choice D) may be helpful complementary interventions, but opioid medications should be the priority for symptom management.
In planning for Sonny's oxygen therapy, the nurse should consider which of the following, EXCEPT
- A. need for a humidifier.
- B. length of tubing .
- C. determine the age of Excel.
- D. manner of administering oxygen, continuous or intermittent.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse does not need to determine the age of Excel when planning for Sonny's oxygen therapy. This information is irrelevant to the specific care requirements of Sonny's oxygen therapy. Sonny's age, medical history, respiratory status, and oxygen needs are the key considerations in planning for his oxygen therapy. The nurse should focus on factors such as the need for a humidifier, length of tubing, and the manner of administering oxygen (continuous or intermittent) to ensure effective and safe delivery of oxygen therapy to Sonny.
Which criterion refers-to the ability of the instrument to detect fine differences among the subjects being studied?
- A. Reliability
- B. objectivity
- C. Sensitivity
- D. Validity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sensitivity refers to the ability of an instrument to detect small or fine differences among the subjects being studied. In the context of research or measurement tools, sensitivity is crucial for identifying subtle variations in the data that may hold importance in the analysis. A sensitive instrument can accurately measure and record even the smallest changes, making it a valuable criterion when assessing the quality of a measurement tool in research studies. High sensitivity indicates that the instrument is more likely to pick up on nuances and variations in the data, providing researchers with more detailed and accurate information to work with.
A 38-year-old woman presents with cyclic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia. On pelvic examination, the uterus is retroverted and fixed. Which of the following conditions is most likely to be responsible for these findings?
- A. Endometriosis
- B. Adenomyosis
- C. Leiomyomas (uterine fibroids)
- D. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Endometriosis is the most likely condition responsible for the symptoms described in this scenario. Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, commonly affecting the pelvic structures such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic peritoneum. The main symptoms include cyclic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea (painful periods), and dyspareunia (pain during intercourse). The retroverted and fixed uterus on examination may be due to adhesions from endometriosis, causing the uterus to be fixed in position. Endometriosis should be considered in women of reproductive age presenting with these symptoms and pelvic examination findings.