Nokea
Her Hemovac has drained 60 ml postoperative day 1, 55 ml postoperative day 2, and 40 ml thus far today. She asks you when will the drain be removed. Which would be the most appropriate response?
- A. It will be removed the day you go home.'
- B. Usually the doctor waits until the drainage subsides or stops altogether.'
- C. I'm surprised the doctor didn't take it out by now.'
- D. If you ask your doctor maybe he'll take it out next time he comes in.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The drain is usually removed once the drainage subsides or stops, indicating proper healing.
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The female genitive ducts include the following structures:
- A. uterus;
- B. vulva;
- C. vagina;
- D. ovary
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: ovary. The female genitive ducts refer to the structures involved in the production, transport, and release of eggs. The ovary is the primary organ responsible for producing eggs. The uterus, vulva, and vagina are not directly involved in egg production but rather in the reception, nurturing, and passage of the egg. Therefore, the ovary is the correct choice as it is a key structure in the female reproductive system responsible for egg production.
Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm are three tissue layers that are formed during _____________ stage.
- A. morula
- B. blastula
- C. gastrula
- D. neurula
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: gastrula. During the gastrula stage of embryonic development, the blastula undergoes a process called gastrulation, where the three primary germ layers - ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm - are formed. The ectoderm gives rise to the nervous system and skin, the mesoderm forms muscles and organs, and the endoderm develops into the lining of the digestive tract and respiratory system. Morula (A) is an earlier stage where the zygote divides into multiple cells. Blastula (B) is the stage before gastrula where a hollow ball of cells is formed. Neurula (D) is a stage specific to vertebrate embryos where the neural tube begins to form.
The ________ is an ovoviviparous animal.
- A. Basking shark
- B. Bonobo
- C. Blue shark
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Basking shark. Ovoviviparous animals are those that produce eggs that hatch inside the mother's body, giving birth to live young. Basking sharks exhibit this reproductive strategy, making them ovoviviparous.
Explanation of incorrect choices:
B: Bonobos are primates and give birth to live young, but they are not ovoviviparous.
C: Blue sharks give birth to live young as well, but they are not ovoviviparous.
D: "None of the above" is incorrect as the basking shark is indeed an ovoviviparous animal, making it the correct answer.
A 72-year-old woman is being assessed by the nurse for an annual physical. Which finding is of concern to the nurse?
- A. Thinning of pubic hair
- B. Increased size of the uterus
- C. Decreased size of the clitoris
- D. Loss of tone of the pelvic ligaments
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased size of the uterus. In a 72-year-old woman, an increased size of the uterus can indicate potential issues such as fibroids or endometrial hyperplasia, which may require further investigation. Thinning of pubic hair (A) is a common age-related change. Decreased size of the clitoris (C) and loss of tone of the pelvic ligaments (D) can also occur with aging but are not typically concerning findings during a routine physical exam in this age group.
During a history, a patient reports rectal bleeding, a warning sign of colorectal cancer. The nurse correlates which clinical finding with colorectal cancer?
- A. Thick, blood-tinged mucus within the rectum
- B. A pus-filled cavity in the anorectal area
- C. An irregular mass with raised edges on the rectal wall
- D. A small, smooth nodule protruding from the rectum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because an irregular mass with raised edges on the rectal wall is a common clinical finding associated with colorectal cancer. This mass could be a tumor or polyp, which can lead to rectal bleeding. Option A is incorrect because thick, blood-tinged mucus is more commonly associated with inflammatory conditions. Option B is incorrect as a pus-filled cavity suggests an abscess or infection, not colorectal cancer. Option D is incorrect because a small, smooth nodule is more indicative of hemorrhoids rather than colorectal cancer.