Nokea
Histochemical staining used for diagnosing Hirschsprung's disease is
- A. Acetyl choline esterase
- B. Dopamine
- C. Glutamate
- D. Chromogranin and synaptophysin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acetylcholine esterase staining is used to diagnose Hirschsprung's disease by identifying the absence of ganglion cells.
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Renal damage is a recognised complication of infection with:
- A. Plasmodium Jalciparum
- B. Schistosoma haematobium
- C. Plasmodium malariae
- D. Leptospira icterohaemorrhagica
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leptospira icterohaemorrhagica can cause renal damage. Plasmodium species and Schistosoma are less commonly associated with renal complications.
Pulmonary hypertension is a complication of:
- A. ASD
- B. Eisenmenger syndrome
- C. Tricuspid atresia
- D. Tricuspid regurgitation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eisenmenger syndrome is a well-known cause of pulmonary hypertension. The other options (a-d) can also lead to pulmonary hypertension but are less specific.
The nurse is collecting information from a client with chronic pancreatitis who reports persistent gnawing abdominal pain. To help the client manage the pain, which assessment data is most important for the nurse to obtain?
- A. Eating patterns and dietary intake
- B. Level and amount of physical activity
- C. Color and consistency of feces
- D. Presence and activity of bowel sounds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eating patterns can affect the pain and inflammation in chronic pancreatitis, making this data crucial.
To reduce the risk for pulmonary complications for a client with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), what interventions should the nurse implement?
- A. Initiate passive range of motion exercises
- B. Establish a regular bladder routine
- C. Teach the client breathing exercises
- D. Perform chest physiotherapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Breathing exercises, chest physiotherapy, and use of an incentive spirometer can help reduce the risk of pulmonary complications in ALS by improving lung function.
Which among the following beta-blockers is not potent than propranolol (considering propranolol = 1)?
- A. Carvedilol
- B. Metoprolol
- C. Bisoprolol
- D. Labetalol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Labetalol has a lower beta-blocking potency compared to propranolol, especially considering it also has alpha-blocking activity.