Nokea
How do oxygen radicals react with different molecules?
- A. By accepting an electron
- B. By donating an electron
- C. By accepting a proton
- D. By donating a proton
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oxygen radicals grab electrons unpaired, they steal, wrecking cells, not giving or juggling protons. A chronic chaos starter nurses know this chemistry bite.
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The glycaemic profiles of people living with diabetes is affected by the following EXCEPT:
- A. Monitoring of blood glucose
- B. Dietary intake
- C. Exercise
- D. Stress
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetes' sugar swings dance to diet, exercise, stress, and meds intake, burn, cortisol, and pills all tug levels. Monitoring tracks, not tweaks, the profile; it's a mirror, not a mover. Clinicians lean on this quintet's interplay, adjusting levers, not the gauge, a chronic puzzle where tools shape, not tally, the game.
The school nurse is teaching a nutrition class in the local high school. One student states that he has heard that certain foods can increase the incidence of cancer. The nurse responds, 'Research has shown that certain foods indeed appear to increase the risk of cancer.' Which of the following menu selections would be the best choice for potentially reducing the risks of cancer?
- A. Smoked salmon and green beans
- B. Pork chops and fried green tomatoes
- C. Baked apricot chicken and steamed broccoli
- D. Liver, onions, and steamed peas
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diet plays a big role in cancer risk. Fruits and veggies, like apricots and broccoli, pack antioxidants (vitamins C, E, carotenoids) that combat oxidative stress and inflammation key cancer drivers. Steaming preserves nutrients, unlike frying, which adds carcinogens (e.g., acrylamide in fried tomatoes). Smoked salmon's salt-curing introduces nitrates, linked to colorectal cancer. Pork chops, a red meat, carry heme iron and saturated fats, boosting risk when cooked at high heat. Liver's high in nutrients but also iron, which in excess may promote cancer. Baked apricot chicken with steamed broccoli sidesteps these pitfalls, offering fiber and phytochemicals that may inhibit tumor growth, making it the nurse's top pick for cancer-preventive eating in teens.
Which nursing action should be included in the plan of care for a client returning to the surgical unit following a left modified radical mastectomy with dissection of axillary lymph nodes?
- A. Obtain permanent breast prosthesis before the patient is discharged from the hospital
- B. Teach the patient to use the ordered patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) every 10 minutes
- C. Place a pink bracelet on the client warning against venipunctures or blood pressures in the left arm
- D. Insist that the patient examine the surgical incision when the initial dressings are removed
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mastectomy with axillary dissection risks lymphedema a pink bracelet flags the left arm, barring venipuncture or BP cuffs to prevent swelling, a priority in post-op care. Prosthesis comes later, post-healing. PCA teaching avoids rigid timing PRN's key. Forcing incision checks risks distress, not healing. Nurses lock in this bracelet, safeguarding lymph flow, a must-do in this surgical aftermath to dodge chronic arm woes.
The emergency management of the patient with acute asthma does not include:
- A. Performing a rapid physical examination
- B. Performing spirometry or peak flow on arrival
- C. Giving oxygen and short acting bronchodilator
- D. Close monitoring to determine efficacy of treatment and improvement or deterioration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute asthma's rush exam, O2, bronchodilators, tight watch saves breath fast. Spirometry's a no too tough mid-wheeze, delays care. Nurses skip it, a chronic flare's urgent dodge.
An intra-venous drug user with endocarditis has a TOE and multiple blood cultures taken. He is most likely to have:
- A. tricuspid valve involvement and s.aureus on blood culture
- B. tricuspid valve involvement and enterococci on blood culture
- C. mitral valve involvement and mixed growth on blood culture
- D. tricuspid valve involvement and candida on blood culture
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IVDU endocarditis tricuspid flops, Staph aureus spikes, not enterococci, mixed, candida, or blanks. Nurses hear this chronic junkie beat.