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How does an intermittent prn lock differ from a traditional IV site?
- A. The prn lock is used for continual infusion of IV fluids or medications.
- B. The patient with a prn lock must be stuck each time medication needs to be administered.
- C. The prn lock provides subcutaneous access rather than IV access.
- D. The prn lock allows for intermittent infusion of IV fluids or medications without requiring a continual infusion of fluids.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A prn lock (saline lock) allows intermittent access without continuous infusion, unlike traditional IVs that often run fluids continuously.
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You are about to attempt to initiate an IV on a 97-year-old female with tiny, fragile veins. Which of the following access devices would most likely be your best choice?
- A. 27 g ? 1 in winged butterfly without cannula
- B. 22 g ? 1¼ in intracath
- C. 25 g ? 1 in winged butterfly with cannula
- D. 23 g ? 1 in intracath
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A $25 \mathrm{~g}$ winged butterfly with cannula is small and suitable for fragile veins, providing stability and reducing trauma.
The interaction between the two drugs that causes a change in the activity or components of one or more of the drugs is known as a
- A. Synergism
- B. Drug interaction
- C. Antagonism
- D. Precipitation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A drug interaction occurs when one drug alters the effect or composition of another, potentially affecting efficacy or safety.
You are preparing the supplies to initiate an IV for one of your patients. You have assessed the expiration date of the IV tubing package and removed it from the packaging. Which of the following should you perform prior to spiking the IV solution bag?
- A. Close the roller clamp on the tubing.
- B. Prepare the IV start kit for use.
- C. Label the solution bag.
- D. Ensure that the air has been removed from the tubing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Closing the roller clamp prevents air entry and uncontrolled fluid flow when spiking the bag.
Which of the following should be assessed prior to initiating an IV?
- A. Toughness of the patient's skin
- B. Purpose of the IV
- C. If the patient is allergic to tape, latex, or iodine
- D. The patient's white blood cell count results
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Knowing the IV's purpose ensures appropriate site and solution selection, and allergies prevent adverse reactions.
Which of the following restrictions is(are) accurate with regard to selecting a vein for use when restarting an infiltrated IV?
- A. You cannot use the same vein again for 12 hours.
- B. You should use the same arm again to prevent soreness in both of the patient's arms.
- C. If you use the same vein where the IV infiltrated, you must use a site distal to the old site.
- D. The best veins to use are those of the forearm.
- E. Once an IV has infiltrated in the forearm, it should be restarted in the hand on that arm.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using a distal site on the same vein avoids complications from the infiltrated area.