HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024

HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024 Related

Review HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024 related questions and content

How does the integumentary system interact with the nervous system?

  • A. The integumentary system removes heat from the neurons in the nervous system.
  • B. The nervous system circulates nutrients outward to the integumentary system.
  • C. Touch input via the integumentary system sends messages to the nervous system.
  • D. Messages from the nervous system affect the color and texture of the skin.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Touch input via the integumentary system sends messages to the nervous system. The integumentary system, comprising the skin, hair, and nails, functions as a sensory organ and a protective barrier against external threats. Specialized receptors in the skin detect stimuli like pressure, temperature, and pain, transmitting signals to the nervous system for interpretation. This communication enables the perception of touch and is vital for sensory processes, showcasing the interconnectedness between the integumentary and nervous systems. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the integumentary system primarily interacts with the nervous system through sensory input and communication of stimuli, rather than heat removal, nutrient circulation, or affecting skin color and texture based on nervous system messages.

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How many bones are found in the human skull?

  • A. Approximately 5
  • B. Approximately 30
  • C. Approximately 60
  • D. Approximately 210
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Approximately 30. The human skull is composed of 22 bones that are fused together. These 22 bones consist of 8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones, totaling approximately 30 bones in total. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the human skull does not have as few as 5 bones, as many as 60 bones, or as many as 210 bones. Understanding the basic anatomy of the skull helps in identifying the correct number of bones it comprises.

What is the meaning of exocytosis?

  • A. The cell engulfs and brings in substances.
  • B. The cell releases content outside by fusing with the plasma membrane.
  • C. The cell engulfs liquid material.
  • D. The cell brings in solid particles.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Exocytosis is the process by which a cell releases substances to the outside by fusing with the plasma membrane. During exocytosis, vesicles containing molecules fuse with the cell membrane, allowing the release of the contents outside the cell. This process is crucial for the secretion of various substances such as hormones, enzymes, and neurotransmitters. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they describe processes different from exocytosis. Choice A describes endocytosis, where the cell engulfs substances to bring them into the cell. Choice C is more aligned with pinocytosis, the process of engulfing liquid material. Choice D refers to phagocytosis, which is the uptake of solid particles by the cell.

The corpus callosum facilitates communication between which brain structures?

  • A. the left and right brain
  • B. the skeletal and neural systems
  • C. the brain and spinal cord
  • D. the thalamus and hypothalamus
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The corpus callosum is a structure in the brain that enables communication between the two hemispheres. It allows for the transfer of various types of information, such as motor, sensory, and cognitive, between the left and right brain hemispheres, aiding in overall brain function and integration of tasks. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not involve the specific brain structures connected by the corpus callosum.

How do the intercostal muscles between the ribs assist with respiration?

  • A. By protecting the delicate bronchioles and alveoli
  • B. By signaling a decrease in intra-alveolar pressure
  • C. By enlarging and reducing the space in the thorax
  • D. By maintaining a medial separation between pleurae
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The intercostal muscles located between the ribs play a crucial role in respiration by aiding in the enlargement and reduction of the space in the thorax. During inspiration, these muscles contract, lifting the rib cage, which increases the volume of the thoracic cavity and allows the lungs to expand and fill with air. This process directly relates to the expansion of the thorax rather than protecting bronchioles and alveoli (Choice A), signaling intra-alveolar pressure changes (Choice B), or maintaining the separation between pleurae (Choice D). Therefore, the correct answer is C.

The spleen is part of which system?

  • A. nervous system
  • B. integumentary system
  • C. lymphatic system
  • D. urinary system
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: lymphatic system. The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, responsible for filtering blood, producing and storing white blood cells, and aiding the body in fighting infections. The lymphatic system is crucial for maintaining the body's immune defenses and fluid balance. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the spleen is not part of the nervous system, integumentary system, or urinary system.

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