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How is Maslow's hierarchy of human needs used by nurses in a clinical setting?
- A. It serves as a reminder of human growth and development across the life span.
- B. It is a framework for thinking critically.
- C. It helps in prioritizing nursing diagnoses and care.
- D. It outlines the basic psychological needs that people have when they are hospitalized and feeling vulnerable.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy helps nurses prioritize care by addressing physiological needs first, followed by safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization, ensuring patient needs are met in order of urgency.
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You are caring for a male patient who had a total hip replacement 3 days earlier. You have not cared for the patient before and are assessing him to establish a baseline of information about his health status. The patient states he felt feverish during the night and broke into a sweat. You check his temperature readings from the previous night and see that it was 99.2?°F at midnight and 98.2?°F at 6 a.m. It now is 99?°F. Which of the following actions represents the best response to his statement and gives the best explanation for the action as it relates to critical thinking?
- A. Tell him not to worry because his temperature was only 99.2?°F. This action shows that you understand normal trends in postoperative care and are applying them to unique situations.
- B. Make a mental note to check his temperature a few more times this shift. This action shows that you understand that assessment is the first and most important step in the nursing process.
- C. Assess him for signs and symptoms of an infection. This action shows that you are looking for data to validate the patient's comment.
- D. Tell him that a low-grade fever is normal after surgery. This shows that you are aware of common clinical conditions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing for signs and symptoms of infection (C) is the best response as it involves critical thinking by validating the patient's subjective complaint with objective data, ensuring a thorough evaluation of a potential postoperative complication.
Implementation means putting the plan into action and performing the interventions.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: True. Implementation involves executing the planned nursing interventions to achieve patient goals.
Specified diagnoses are those that clearly apply to one defined patient need, so that any more description would only be redundant.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: True. Specified diagnoses are concise and address a single, clear patient need without unnecessary elaboration.
Nursing diagnoses and medical diagnoses both use the names of diseases.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: False. Nursing diagnoses focus on patient responses to health conditions, not disease names, which are used in medical diagnoses.
Improvement in a patient's health problem is measured by how much progress the patient makes toward the goal, which is set by the nurse.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: False. Goals are set collaboratively with the patient, not solely by the nurse, to ensure patient-centered care.