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How is the secondary use of data from the 2000 census classification system utilized to address disparities in mental health care along racial-ethnic lines?
- A. To provide culturally relevant care to the required ethnic group
- B. To identify all racial and ethnic groups in the United States
- C. To identify why there are disparities in the United States
- D. To determine when and how the health care needs of the ethnic populations are being met
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The census classification system categorizes individuals based on racial and ethnic descriptions. Utilizing this data helps in identifying health disparities and assessing how the health care needs of ethnic populations are being addressed. Option A is incorrect because the primary focus is on analyzing healthcare needs met, not providing care. Option B is incorrect as the census does not encompass every single racial and ethnic group in the United States. Option C is incorrect as the census is not designed to investigate the reasons behind disparities, but rather to quantify and analyze them.
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The parents of a baby born with cleft lip and palate are struggling with shock, grief, and feelings of inadequacy and frustration. Which statement is best for the nurse to make to the parents at this time?
- A. You should focus on your baby's personality, not appearance.
- B. Let me show you pictures of some babies before and after surgery.
- C. There are other problems with this condition that go beyond surgical correction.
- D. Has anyone else in either of your families had cleft lip or palate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Showing pictures of successful surgical outcomes provides hope and tangible evidence of improvement, addressing the parents’ grief and concerns about appearance. Other options may dismiss emotions, overwhelm with additional concerns, or be irrelevant at this stage.
The nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client with a diagnosis of dementia and assessing the function of the frontal lobe of the brain. Which should the nurse assess to yield the best information about this area of functioning?
- A. Eye movements
- B. Feelings or emotions
- C. Level of consciousness
- D. Insight, judgment, and planning
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Insight, judgment, and planning are part of the function of the frontal lobe. Eye movements are under the control of cranial nerves III, IV, and VI. Feelings and emotions are part of the role of the limbic system. The level of consciousness is controlled by the reticular activating system.
Which component of cultural competence is being demonstrated when the nurse motivates the immigrant to accept differences in the way a pregnant woman is cared for in her current residence?
- A. Cultural desire
- B. Cultural awareness
- C. Cultural knowledge
- D. Cultural encounters
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Cultural desire.' Cultural desire involves the nurse's motivation and commitment toward caring for individuals from diverse backgrounds. In this scenario, motivating the immigrant to accept differences in prenatal care reflects the nurse's genuine interest in providing culturally competent care. Cultural awareness involves self-examination of one's beliefs and biases. Cultural knowledge refers to understanding various cultural practices and beliefs. Cultural encounters focus on interactions across cultures to enhance communication and mutual understanding. Therefore, in this context, the nurse's actions align more closely with the concept of cultural desire.
A client who has undergone successful femoral-popliteal bypass grafting of the leg states to the nurse, 'I hope everything goes well after this and that I don't lose my leg. I'm so afraid that I'll have gone through this for nothing.' Which most therapeutic response should the nurse make to the client?
- A. I can understand what you mean. I'd be nervous too if I were in your shoes.
- B. This surgery is so successful that I wouldn't be concerned at all if I were you.
- C. Complications are possible, but you have a good deal of control if you make the lifestyle adjustments we talked about.
- D. Stress isn't helpful for you. You should probably just try to relax. You shouldn't worry unless something actually happens.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients frequently fear that they will ultimately lose a limb or become debilitated in some other way. Option 3 acknowledges the client's concerns and empowers the client to improve his or her health, which will ultimately reduce concern about the risk of complications. Option 1 feeds into the client's anxiety and is not therapeutic. Option 2 gives false reassurance. Option 4 is meant to be reassuring, but it offers no suggestions to empower the client.
A client who is to undergo dilation and curettage and conization of the cervix for cancer appears tense and anxious. Which approach would the nurse use to support the client emotionally?
- A. Explaining that these procedures are considered minor surgery
- B. Asking whether something is troubling the client and whether she'd like to talk about it
- C. Stating that the procedures are routine and asking what the client is really worried about
- D. Explaining that everyone is fearful before the surgery even though there is little reason to worry
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct approach for the nurse to support the client emotionally is to ask whether something is troubling the client and if she would like to talk about it. This approach acknowledges the client's anxiety and encourages communication without dismissing her feelings. Option A, explaining that the procedures are minor surgery, may invalidate the client's emotions. Option C assumes the client is worried about something specific, which may not be the case, leading to miscommunication. Option D provides false reassurance and may hinder open communication by dismissing the client's feelings as unwarranted.