Nokea
How many autosomes does a human primary spermatocyte have?
- A. 34
- B. 44
- C. 54
- D. 33
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (44 autosomes) because a human primary spermatocyte is a diploid cell containing a total of 44 autosomes. This is because humans have 22 pairs of autosomes in their somatic cells. During meiosis I, the primary spermatocyte undergoes replication and recombination, resulting in 22 pairs of autosomes (44 autosomes) that will be divided into two haploid secondary spermatocytes. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the correct number of autosomes present in a human primary spermatocyte.
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How long are the typical ovarian and uterine (menstrual) cycles in a female?
- A. 7 days
- B. 14 days
- C. 28 days
- D. 40 days
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C (28 days) because the typical ovarian and uterine (menstrual) cycles in a female are both around this duration. The menstrual cycle is typically 28 days, with ovulation occurring around day 14. This cycle is regulated by hormonal fluctuations and prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because a 7-day cycle is too short for a full menstrual cycle, a 14-day cycle is typically the duration of ovulation, and a 40-day cycle is longer than the average menstrual cycle length.
Large process on the femur that is present for attachment of muscles is
- A. condyle
- B. tubercle
- C. bone head
- D. trochanter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: tubercle. A tubercle is a small rounded projection on a bone where muscles and ligaments can attach. In this case, the large process on the femur that serves as an attachment site for muscles is a tubercle.
Condyle (choice A) is a rounded prominence at the end of a bone, typically for articulation with another bone. Bone head (choice C) refers to the rounded end of a bone, usually forming a joint. Trochanter (choice D) is a large, blunt process on the femur that serves as an attachment point for muscles, but it is not the specific term for the large process on the femur mentioned in the question.
Which of the following is a false description of the negative feedback loop involved in the production of testosterone?
- A. Follicl
- B. stimulating hormone (FSH) targets the testes of males.
- C. Rising levels of testosterone promote increased release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus.
- D. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is released by the hypothalamus; this hormone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is not directly involved in the negative feedback loop for testosterone production. The negative feedback loop for testosterone involves the hypothalamus releasing GnRH, which stimulates the pituitary gland to release luteinizing hormone (LH), which then stimulates the Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone. Rising levels of testosterone inhibit the release of GnRH and LH through negative feedback to maintain hormonal balance. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they accurately describe components of the negative feedback loop for testosterone production.
A client diagnosed with a vaginal fistula is at risk for low self-esteem. Which of the following would be an appropriate recommendation for the client?
- A. Wear disposable, absorbent incontinence briefs
- B. Avoid the use of commercial deodorizers at home
- C. Abstain from sexual intercourse
- D. Avoid frequent douches
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Disposable, absorbent incontinence briefs can help manage symptoms and improve comfort and confidence.
What structure corresponds to the scrotum in the male?
- A. labia major
- B. labia minor
- C. pudendal cleft
- D. mons pubis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: labia major. The scrotum in males corresponds to the labia major in females as they both serve as protective structures for the reproductive organs. The labia major in females is analogous to the scrotum in males in terms of function and location. The other choices are incorrect because the labia minor (B) is a smaller structure located inside the labia major, the pudendal cleft (C) refers to the space between the labia major and labia minor, and the mons pubis (D) is a rounded, fatty area located over the pubic bone.