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How might the nursing home's social worker help Ms. O's friends in visiting her?
- A. The social worker should defer to the nursing staff
- B. Help her friends find easier transportation
- C. Tell her to make friends at the dialysis center
- D. Ask other residents' families to bring her friends with them
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Ms. O's friends, who are elderly and cannot drive, ride buses to visit her. The social worker can help by finding easier transportation options for them. Not having family around, friends' visits can significantly impact Ms. O's well-being. It may be challenging for the friends to ask for help themselves, so the social worker can reach out to volunteer groups for assistance. Making friends at the dialysis center might not be feasible due to the nature of treatments. Asking other residents' families to bring her friends could burden them further and might deter them from helping. It's important to consider the friends' convenience and emotional support for Ms. O.
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A nurse is determining ways to address ethnic diversity among clients being provided care. Which action would be the most direct way for the nurse to do this?
- A. Explain how cultural backgrounds influence health beliefs and practices.
- B. Provide culturally sensitive care that respects clients' traditions.
- C. Listen to the life stories of clients to understand their cultural influences.
- D. Participate in cultural competency training and workshops.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Listening to the life stories of clients is an effective way for nurses to understand the cultural influences that shape their beliefs and practices. By actively listening, nurses can gain insight into the clients' backgrounds, values, and preferences, allowing them to provide more personalized and culturally sensitive care. Choices A, B, and D are not as direct as listening to the life stories of clients. While explaining how cultural backgrounds influence health beliefs and practices is important, directly listening to clients' life stories provides a deeper understanding of their individual cultural influences.
Which of the following is required in order for a healthcare provider to be legally justified in not attempting to save a client's life?
- A. A 'Do Not Resuscitate' (DNR) statement on the patient's care plan
- B. A 'No-Code' sign or symbol placed at the patient's bedside
- C. A 'No-Code' order written and signed on the physician's order sheet
- D. The next of kin's request for 'Do Not Resuscitate' orally or in writing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To legally justify not attempting to save a client's life, a healthcare provider must have a 'No-Code' order written and signed on the physician's order sheet. Unless there is a specific order stating that resuscitation should not be performed, failure to do so can be considered negligence. A 'Do Not Resuscitate' statement on the care plan or a symbol at the bedside is not legally valid without the proper medical order. Additionally, a request from the next of kin, whether oral or written, is not a substitute for a signed physician's order.
A nurse who works in an inner-city clinic provides care for a large number of older black clients. Which health promotion activity best reflects the specific health needs of this population?
- A. A blood sugar and blood pressure monitoring program
- B. An education session on the positive health effects of good nutrition
- C. A screening mammography campaign for older black women
- D. A program that teaches black men the importance of prostate health screening
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Diabetes and hypertension are prevalent among older black adults. Regular blood sugar and blood pressure monitoring are crucial in managing these conditions. While education on good nutrition, screening mammography, and prostate health screening are important health promotion activities, they do not directly address the specific health needs of this population. Therefore, a blood sugar and blood pressure monitoring program would best reflect the health needs of the older black clients in this inner-city clinic.
An older adult client tells the nurse that blockage of qi in one of the body's meridians is causing severe headaches. The health care provider has diagnosed migraines and has prescribed a triptan drug. Which action would be most appropriate for the nurse to implement?
- A. Suggest that the prescribed medicine may stimulate the flow of qi
- B. Explain the vasoconstrictive and serotonin-moderating action of triptan
- C. Instruct the client to take as many doses as needed for relief
- D. Caution the client that the headaches will grow worse if the client fails to take the medication
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Qi is the life force that circulates through the body in invisible pathways called meridians. In this scenario, the client believes that the blockage of qi is causing severe headaches. While explaining the scientific principles underlying the drug action could be valuable, it's crucial to consider the client's belief system. Therefore, the most appropriate response is to suggest that the prescribed medicine may stimulate the flow of qi, aligning with the client's perspective. Choice B, explaining the vasoconstrictive and serotonin-moderating action of triptan, does not address the client's concerns about qi blockage. Choice C, instructing the client to take as many doses as needed, can lead to potential medication misuse. Choice D, cautioning the client about worsening headaches without medication, may induce fear and hinder effective communication with the client.
During a home visit, a nurse notes that an 80-year-old female patient's blood pressure is 166/99 despite the recent introduction of a diuretic to her medication regimen. The patient admits that her son refuses to give her the diuretic because it has precipitated incontinence episodes and states, 'He gets so furious when I soil myself.' What action should the nurse prioritize in this potential case of elder abuse?
- A. Improving or salvaging the family dynamics
- B. Teaching the son why his actions are inappropriate
- C. Initiating legal action
- D. Taking measures to protect the patient's safety
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this potential case of elder abuse, the nurse's priority should be taking measures to protect the patient's safety. The patient's health and well-being are at risk due to the son's refusal to administer the diuretic, which can lead to serious health complications. While improving family dynamics (choice A), educating the son (choice B), and legal actions (choice C) may be necessary in the long run, the immediate concern is ensuring the patient's safety and well-being.