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How should a healthcare professional approach the care of a child with a newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes?
- A. Emphasize the importance of blood glucose monitoring
- B. Avoid insulin therapy
- C. Encourage a high-carbohydrate diet
- D. Recommend alternative therapies only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Emphasizing the importance of blood glucose monitoring is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes effectively. Monitoring blood glucose levels helps in maintaining optimal control of the condition, adjusting treatment plans as necessary, and preventing complications. Choice B is incorrect because insulin therapy is the mainstay treatment for type 1 diabetes to regulate blood sugar levels. Choice C is incorrect because while diet is important, encouraging a high-carbohydrate diet can lead to fluctuations in blood sugar levels. Choice D is incorrect because alternative therapies should not replace standard medical treatment like insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes management.
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How should a child with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder be managed?
- A. Avoid all physical activity
- B. Monitor for triggers and ensure safety
- C. Increase dietary sodium intake
- D. Restrict all forms of social interaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When managing a child with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder, it is essential to monitor for triggers and ensure safety. By identifying triggers such as lack of sleep, stress, or specific foods, healthcare professionals can help prevent seizures. Ensuring safety involves creating a safe environment to prevent injuries during a seizure. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Avoiding all physical activity can be detrimental as appropriate exercise is essential for overall health. Increasing dietary sodium intake is not a standard recommendation for managing seizures. Restricting all forms of social interaction is unnecessary and can have negative effects on the child's emotional well-being.
In the scientific method, a tentative solution to a problem is called a what?
- A. theory
- B. prediction
- C. hypothesis
- D. correlation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a tentative solution or educated guess that is tested through research. A theory (choice A) is a well-substantiated explanation based on evidence and extensive testing. A prediction (choice B) is a statement about what will happen in the future based on existing knowledge. Correlation (choice D) refers to a mutual relationship between two or more things, indicating how they may change together but not providing a solution to a problem.
What is the recommended first step in the management of a child with a suspected head injury?
- A. Administer pain medication
- B. Assess the child's level of consciousness
- C. Perform a CT scan
- D. Monitor for seizures
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct first step in managing a child with a suspected head injury is to assess the child's level of consciousness. This assessment is crucial as it helps determine the severity of the injury and guides further management. Administering pain medication (Choice A) should not be done before assessing the level of consciousness. Performing a CT scan (Choice C) may be necessary but is not the initial step. Monitoring for seizures (Choice D) is important but comes after assessing the child's level of consciousness.
Why is peer review important in scientific research?
- A. To expedite publication of results.
- B. To facilitate the replication of studies.
- C. To verify the accuracy and validity of research findings.
- D. To enhance the credibility of the research.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Peer review is crucial in scientific research to verify the accuracy and validity of research findings. By subjecting research papers to evaluation by experts in the field, peer review ensures that the study's methods, results, and conclusions are robust and reliable. This process helps to maintain high standards of quality in scientific publications, providing credibility to the research. Choices A and D are incorrect because the primary purpose of peer review is not to expedite publication or solely enhance credibility; its core function is to validate the research's accuracy and validity. Choice B, while beneficial, is not the primary reason for peer review; replication is a byproduct of the rigorous evaluation of research methods and findings.
What is a common symptom of congenital heart disease in infants?
- A. Excessive weight gain
- B. Difficulty breathing
- C. High blood pressure
- D. Increased appetite
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Difficulty breathing is a common symptom of congenital heart disease in infants. Infants with congenital heart disease may experience difficulty breathing due to impaired cardiac function, which affects the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. This symptom is often due to issues like heart failure or fluid accumulation in the lungs. Excessive weight gain (Choice A) is not typically associated with congenital heart disease in infants. High blood pressure (Choice C) is less common in infants with congenital heart disease compared to adults. Increased appetite (Choice D) is not a typical symptom of congenital heart disease in infants.