Nokea
How should a healthcare provider approach the care of a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)?
- A. Promote weight maintenance
- B. Encourage joint mobility exercises
- C. Avoid physical inactivity
- D. Ensure a balanced diet
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging joint mobility exercises is the appropriate approach to caring for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). These exercises help maintain joint function and reduce stiffness, which are crucial in managing the condition. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Promoting weight maintenance is more relevant than weight gain as maintaining a healthy weight is important in managing JIA. Avoiding physical inactivity is not recommended as controlled and appropriate physical activities can help improve joint flexibility and overall health. Ensuring a balanced diet, which includes adequate protein, is important for overall nutrition but is not a specific intervention for managing JIA.
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What is a key aspect of managing a child with cystic fibrosis?
- A. Regular pulmonary function tests
- B. Daily administration of antibiotics only
- C. High-sugar diet
- D. Limiting all physical activities
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular pulmonary function tests are a key aspect of managing a child with cystic fibrosis. These tests help monitor lung function and disease progression effectively, providing valuable information for healthcare providers to make timely interventions and adjustments to treatment plans. Daily administration of antibiotics alone (Choice B) is important but not the sole key aspect of managing cystic fibrosis. A high-sugar diet (Choice C) is not recommended for individuals with cystic fibrosis as it can exacerbate health issues. Limiting all physical activities (Choice D) is not beneficial as regular exercise is important for overall health and lung function in individuals with cystic fibrosis.
What is the primary treatment for a child with acute otitis media?
- A. Antihistamines
- B. Nasal decongestants
- C. Antibiotics
- D. Ear drops
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Antibiotics. Antibiotics are the primary treatment for acute otitis media because the condition is often caused by a bacterial infection. Antihistamines (choice A) and nasal decongestants (choice B) are not the primary treatments for acute otitis media as they do not target the bacterial infection. Ear drops (choice D) are not the primary treatment for acute otitis media; antibiotics are required to treat the underlying bacterial cause.
What term describes foods that contain non-nutrient substances whose known action in the body is to promote well-being to a greater extent than that contributed by the food's nutrients?
- A. fortified foods
- B. enriched foods
- C. functional foods
- D. health-enhancing foods
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Functional foods are specifically designed to promote health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Fortified foods (choice A) are those with added nutrients that are not originally present, enriched foods (choice B) have nutrients added back that were lost during processing, and health-enhancing foods (choice D) is a vague and less specific term compared to functional foods.
Which of the following is a common complication of an untreated inguinal hernia in children?
- A. Gastroenteritis
- B. Strangulation of the hernia
- C. Chronic cough
- D. Epistaxis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Strangulation of the hernia. Untreated inguinal hernias in children can lead to strangulation, which can result in bowel obstruction and ischemia. This is a serious complication that requires prompt medical attention. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Gastroenteritis is a gastrointestinal infection that is not directly related to untreated inguinal hernias. Chronic cough is not typically associated with this condition. Epistaxis refers to nosebleeds, which are not a common complication of untreated inguinal hernias in children.
What is a key preventive measure for avoiding urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children?
- A. Restrict fluid intake
- B. Encourage frequent urination
- C. Use topical antibiotics
- D. Increase dietary calcium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging frequent urination is a key preventive measure for avoiding urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. It helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of UTIs. Restricting fluid intake (Choice A) is not recommended as it may lead to concentrated urine and increase the risk of UTIs. Using topical antibiotics (Choice C) is not a preventive measure for UTIs and should only be used under medical guidance. Increasing dietary calcium (Choice D) is not directly linked to preventing UTIs in children.