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How should a nurse prepare a 15-month-old child diagnosed with hydrocephalus for a computed tomography (CT) scan?
- A. Shaving the child's head
- B. Starting the prescribed IV infusion
- C. Administering the prescribed sedative
- D. Giving the child a simple explanation of the procedure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Preparing a toddler for a CT scan involves providing a simple explanation of the procedure to help reduce anxiety and fear. Shaving the child's head is unnecessary for a CT scan and may increase distress. Starting an IV infusion or administering sedatives may not be appropriate or necessary for all pediatric patients undergoing CT scans, especially if the child can cooperate without these interventions.
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A 15-month-old child with the diagnosis of hydrocephalus is scheduled for a computed tomography (CT) scan. What should the nurse include when preparing the toddler for the CT scan?
- A. Shaving the head
- B. Starting the prescribed IV infusion
- C. Administering the prescribed sedative
- D. Giving the child a simple explanation of the procedure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Preparing a toddler for a CT scan involves providing a simple explanation of the procedure to reduce anxiety and help the child understand what will happen. This approach helps establish trust and cooperation, making the experience less frightening for the child. Shaving the head, starting an IV infusion, or administering a sedative are not typically part of the preparation for a CT scan in a toddler and may not be necessary or appropriate in this scenario.
A child with a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is being evaluated for medication management. What is an important assessment for the nurse to perform?
- A. Assess the child's sleep patterns
- B. Assess the child's dietary intake
- C. Assess the child's academic performance
- D. Assess the child's behavior at home
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing the child's dietary intake is crucial in managing symptoms and ensuring proper nutrition in children with ADHD. Dietary factors can influence ADHD symptoms. While sleep patterns, academic performance, and behavior at home are important aspects to consider, dietary assessment plays a significant role in the management of ADHD.
A healthcare professional is teaching a class of new parents about how to position their infants during the first few weeks of life. Which position is safest?
- A. On the back, lying flat
- B. On either side, lying flat
- C. Head slightly elevated on the left side
- D. Head slightly elevated on the right side
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'On the back, lying flat.' Placing infants on their back to sleep is recommended to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This position promotes safe sleep practices and helps prevent accidental suffocation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as placing infants on their side or with the head slightly elevated may increase the risk of breathing difficulties or other hazards during sleep.
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus about insulin administration. What should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Rotate injection sites
- B. Administer insulin before meals
- C. Store insulin in the refrigerator
- D. Administer insulin at bedtime
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to rotate injection sites. Rotating injection sites is crucial in insulin administration to prevent lipodystrophy, which is the breakdown of subcutaneous fat at the injection site. It also helps ensure consistent insulin absorption. Administering insulin before meals (choice B) is important to match insulin peak action with the rise in blood glucose after eating. Storing insulin in the refrigerator (choice C) is correct to maintain its potency and stability. Administering insulin at bedtime (choice D) may not be suitable for all patients and is not a universal recommendation for insulin administration.
A 6-year-old child with a diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is being discharged. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
- A. Encourage participation in physical activity
- B. Provide a high-calorie diet
- C. Provide a low-sodium diet
- D. Administer intravenous fluids
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging regular physical activity is crucial in managing symptoms and improving joint function in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It helps maintain joint mobility, muscle strength, and overall well-being. Providing a high-calorie diet (Choice B) is not typically recommended unless there are specific nutritional concerns or growth issues. A low-sodium diet (Choice C) may be beneficial in conditions like hypertension, but it is not a primary focus for JIA management. Administering intravenous fluids (Choice D) is not a routine part of managing JIA unless specifically indicated for hydration or medication administration.