Nokea
How should physicians interact with colleagues to lower rates of poor adherance among patients?
- A. Support colleagues who have had frustrating experiences with patients
- B. Provide feedback on communication style by reframing patient encounters
- C. Keep tabs on patients and families who have histories of noncompliance
- D. Reprimand colleagues for rash, unprofessional behavior
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Feedback improves communication, reducing adherence issues.
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Miss Lee, an Asian American on the psychiatric unit, says she is afraid that no one from her family will visit her. On what belief does Miss Lee base her statement?
- A. Many Asian Americans do not believe in hospitals.
- B. Many Asian Americans do not have close family support systems.
- C. Many Asian Americans believe the body will heal itself if left alone.
- D. Many Asian Americans view psychiatric problems as bringing shame to the family.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Miss Lee's fear of no family visits is rooted in the cultural belief that psychiatric issues bring shame to the family, potentially leading to avoidance or stigma, aligning with option d.
An Asian-American client has been prescribed an antidepressant medication for severe depression. When the nurse prepares discharge teaching topics for this client, which specific information will be included?
- A. The Asian culture is traditionally resistant to the use of antidepressant medication and so the importance of compliance with the prescribed treatment plan is stressed.
- B. Ethnic Asian foods have been shown to cause poor absorption of many medications and so the antidepressant medication should be taken on an empty stomach.
- C. Some racial and ethnic groups are genetically predisposed to enzyme deficiencies that require that their medications be prescribed at lower than normal dosages.
- D. Antidepressants can take weeks to reach the therapeutic blood serum levels required for the symptoms of severe depression to demonstrate improvement.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Correct Answer (C) - Some racial and ethnic groups are genetically predisposed to enzyme deficiencies that require medications at lower dosages.
Step 2: Explanation - Certain racial and ethnic groups may have genetic variations that affect how they metabolize medications, leading to enzyme deficiencies. This can result in the need for lower dosages to avoid adverse effects.
Step 3: Incorrect Choices:
A: Incorrect - Stereotyping the Asian culture as resistant to antidepressants is not evidence-based. Compliance is important for all patients regardless of culture.
B: Incorrect - Absorption issues related to specific ethnic foods are not a generalized concern for all Asian-Americans taking antidepressants.
D: Incorrect - While it is true that antidepressants may take weeks to reach therapeutic levels, the question is asking about specific considerations for an Asian-American client, not a general fact about medication effectiveness.
Which of the following is NOT one of Ryff's fundamental elements of psychological well-being:
- A. Life purpose
- B. Social growth
- C. Positive relatedness
- D. Self-acceptance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ryff's 6 elements are purpose, autonomy, mastery, relatedness, self-acceptance, and personal growth (not social growth).
A parent is admitted to a chemical dependency treatment unit. The patients spouse and adolescent children attend a family session. Which initial assessment question should the nurse ask of family members?
- A. What changes are most important to you?
- B. How are feelings expressed in your family?
- C. What types of family education would benefit your family?
- D. Can you identify a long-term goal for improved functioning?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is important to understand family characteristics, particularly in a family under stress. Expression of feelings is an important aspect of assessment of the familys function (or dysfunction). The distracters relate more to outcome identification and planning interventions, both of which should be delayed until the assessment is complete.
The nurse is caring for a patient with HIV. For which common opportunistic infection should the nurse observe when caring for this patient?
- A. Toxoplasmosis
- B. Cryptococcosis
- C. Candida albicans
- D. Cryptosporidiosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Candida albicans. Patients with HIV are at risk for opportunistic infections due to their weakened immune system. Candida albicans is a common fungal infection seen in HIV patients due to their compromised immunity. It can manifest as oral thrush, esophageal candidiasis, or vaginal yeast infections. Observing for signs of Candida albicans is essential for early detection and treatment.
Incorrect choices:
A: Toxoplasmosis - While Toxoplasmosis is another opportunistic infection seen in HIV patients, it is more commonly associated with neurological manifestations such as encephalitis.
B: Cryptococcosis - Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans, commonly affecting the lungs and central nervous system in HIV patients.
D: Cryptosporidiosis - Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic infection that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract and is commonly seen in HIV patients with severe