Nokea
How should the student explain the normal function of the pancreas in the process of digestion?
- A. Produces enzymes for digestion
- B. Stores bile
- C. Secretes gastrin
- D. Absorbs nutrients
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes (e.g., trypsin, amylase) for breaking down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.
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After digestion, Protein is converted into ?
- A. Glucose
- B. Sucrose
- C. Fat
- D. Amino Acid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion, primarily by enzymes like pepsin in the stomach and trypsin in the small intestine, for absorption and use by the body.
Each part of the alimentary canal has the optimum pH for the enzymes that digest food there. What is the optimum pH for an enzyme that works in the stomach?
- A. pH 2
- B. pH 7
- C. pH 9
- D. pH 12
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The stomach's acidic environment (around pH 2) is optimal for the function of pepsin, which breaks down proteins.
Emulsification of fats by bile takes place in-
- A. Duodenum
- B. Liver
- C. Stomach
- D. Intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bile emulsifies fats in the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.
Zymogen cells of fundic glands show the following EXCEPT:
- A. Secrete gastric lipase
- B. Secrete rennin enzyme
- C. Present in the gland neck
- D. Secrete pepsinogen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Zymogen (chief) cells are located in the body and base of fundic glands, not the neck, and secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase.
Which structure produces a liquid called chyme to help with the digestive process?
- A. 3
- B. 2
- C. 1
- D. 4
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Structure 3 (stomach) produces chyme by mixing food with gastric juices. (Assuming typical diagram numbering; stomach is often 3.)