Nokea
How the child's development is influenced by the school and the teacher?
- A. mental
- B. social
- C. emotional
- D. all of these
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Schools and teachers shape children holistically. Mental development occurs through intellectual stimulation (A), social development via peer interactions (B), and emotional development through resilience and self-awareness (C). 'All of these' (D) reflects their comprehensive influence.
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The chief distinguishing feature of psychotic disorders is
- A. confusion of fantasy and reality
- B. antisocial conduct
- C. overwhelming anxiety
- D. obsessive behavior
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Psychotic disorders are characterized by a loss of reality testing, such as hallucinations and delusions, distinguishing them from other conditions.
The nurse is interviewing a client who presents with a dislocated shoulder. She demonstrates signs of anxiety and poor eye contact and turns to her partner for answers, allowing him to answer for her. Bruises on her breast and upper arm are visible. The nurse asks the partner to go to the admitting office to give insurance information. While the partner is out of the room, which question is most important to ask?
- A. Have you been with your partner long?'
- B. Have you ever been physically or emotionally hurt by someone?'
- C. Are you an abused woman?'
- D. Shall I notify the police that you would like to press charges?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Have you ever been physically or emotionally hurt by someone?" This question is important as it directly addresses the potential abuse the client may be experiencing. It allows the nurse to assess for any history of abuse, which could be contributing to the client's anxiety and behavior. It also opens up an opportunity for the client to disclose any abuse they may be facing.
Choice A is incorrect because the length of the relationship with the partner is not as crucial as addressing the potential abuse. Choice C is also incorrect because it is too direct and may not encourage the client to open up about their experiences. Choice D is incorrect as it assumes the client wants to press charges without first assessing the situation and the client's wishes.
Select the central concept around which a family education plan for preventing childhood eating problems is constructed:
- A. Promoting self-demand feeding for the child.
- B. Distinguishing between physical and psychological hunger.
- C. Scheduling meals because children do not recognize physical hunger.
- D. Parental expectations of ideal intake as determinants of healthy eating habits.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Promoting self-demand feeding for the child. This approach encourages the child to listen to their own hunger cues and regulate their food intake accordingly, promoting a healthy relationship with food. It empowers the child to develop autonomy and self-awareness around eating habits.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
B: While distinguishing between physical and psychological hunger is important, it is not the central concept for preventing childhood eating problems.
C: Scheduling meals may not align with the child's natural hunger cues and can potentially lead to disordered eating patterns.
D: Parental expectations can create pressure around eating, potentially leading to negative relationships with food.
A patient remanded by the court after his wife had him jailed for battery told the judge how sorry he was and suggested he needed psychiatric help. His history reveals acting-out behaviors as an adolescent and several adult arrests. The nurse interviews him about his relationship with his wife. Which statement by the patient is most consistent with a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder?
- A. I've done some stupid things in my life, but I've learned a lesson.'
- B. I'm feeling terrible about the way my behavior has hurt my family.'
- C. I have a quick temper, but I can usually keep it under control.'
- D. I hit her because she nags at me. She deserves it when I beat her up.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it demonstrates a lack of remorse, empathy, and justification for violent behavior, which are key characteristics of antisocial personality disorder. The statement indicates a pattern of blaming others for his actions and a sense of entitlement to use violence as a means of control.
Choice A is incorrect because it shows acknowledgment of past mistakes and a willingness to learn from them, which is not typical of individuals with antisocial personality disorder. Choice B is incorrect as it reflects genuine regret and concern for the impact of his actions, which is inconsistent with the disorder. Choice C is incorrect because it implies an ability to control his temper, whereas individuals with antisocial personality disorder often struggle with impulsivity and aggression.
Sensory experiences that occur in the absence of a stimulus are called
- A. illusions
- B. hallucinations
- C. delusions
- D. affect episodes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hallucinations are perceptions without stimuli, distinct from illusions (misinterpretations).