Nokea
Hyperkalaemia:
- A. Is exacerbated by acidosis
- B. Is a finding in Conn's syndrome
- C. ECG findings include peaked tall T-waves
- D. Should be treated if serum K+ > 6mmol/l
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acidosis exacerbates hyperkalaemia by causing a shift of potassium from intracellular to extracellular space, worsening the condition.
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Methaemoglobinaemia may occur as a result of ingestion or exposure to:
- A. Paraquat
- B. Methylene blue
- C. Potassium permanganate
- D. Nitrates
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nitrates, when ingested, can lead to methaemoglobinaemia by converting hemoglobin to methemoglobin, impairing oxygen delivery.
A patient with no structural heart disease: a wide QRS tachycardia of RBBB morphology at a rate of 160 bpm, QRS axis of (-) 40 degrees and AV dissociation was recorded during palpitation. What is the likely diagnosis?
- A. RV outflow ventricular tachycardia
- B. Posterior fascicular VT
- C. Anterior fascicular VT
- D. Antidromic AVRT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: RV outflow ventricular tachycardia is the likely diagnosis given the RBBB morphology and QRS axis.
A nurse cares for a client who is recovering from a myocardial infarction. The client states, I will need to stop eating so much chili to keep that indigestion pain from returning. How should the nurse respond?
- A. Chili is high in fat and calories; it would be a good idea to stop eating it.
- B. The provider has prescribed an antacid for you to take every morning.
- C. What do you understand about what happened to you?
- D. When did you start experiencing this indigestion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing the client’s understanding of their condition helps the nurse provide appropriate education and address misconceptions about symptoms.
A 12-month-old infant who had cardiopulmonary bypass with RBC and plasma infusions during surgery at 8 months is seen for a well child examination. Which vaccine may be administered at this visit?
- A. Measles
- B. mumps
- C. and rubella (MMR)
- D. Oral polio vaccine (OPV)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Live vaccines should be delayed until 6 months after cardiopulmonary bypass and exposure to RBCs and plasma. PCV-13 is not a live-virus vaccine.
Bed-wetting can be considered normal up to
- A. 4 years in boys and 5 years in girls
- B. 5 years in boys and 4 years in girls
- C. 4 years in both boys and girls
- D. 5 years in both boys and girls
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bed-wetting is considered normal up to 5 years of age in both boys and girls, as bladder control develops gradually.