Midwifery Exam Practice Questions

Midwifery Exam Practice Questions Related

Review Midwifery Exam Practice Questions related questions and content

Icterus gravis and hydrops fetalis are conditions highly associated with:

  • A. Rhesus D incompatibility
  • B. ABO incompatibility
  • C. Physiological jaundice
  • D. Instant perinatal death
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rhesus D incompatibility. Icterus gravis and hydrops fetalis are conditions associated with hemolytic disease of the newborn, caused by Rhesus D incompatibility between the mother and fetus. This occurs when the mother is Rh-negative and the baby is Rh-positive, leading to the production of antibodies by the mother that attack the baby's red blood cells. This can result in severe jaundice (icterus gravis) and excessive fluid accumulation in the fetus (hydrops fetalis).

Summary:
- Choice B (ABO incompatibility) is incorrect because it typically causes less severe jaundice and anemia compared to Rhesus D incompatibility.
- Choice C (Physiological jaundice) is incorrect as it is a common benign condition in newborns due to immature liver function.
- Choice D (Instant perinatal death) is incorrect as it does not specifically relate to the conditions mentioned.

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The fetal head retracting against the perineum is a

  • A. Gaskin sign
  • B. Turtle sign
  • C. Klumpke sign
  • D. Chignon sign
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Turtle sign. This sign refers to the fetal head retracting against the perineum during delivery. It indicates shoulder dystocia, a complication where the baby's shoulders get stuck after the head is delivered. This can lead to serious complications for both the baby and the mother if not managed promptly.

A: Gaskin sign is incorrect as it refers to a position where the mother is on her hands and knees during labor.
C: Klumpke sign is incorrect as it is a neurological condition affecting the lower arm and hand.
D: Chignon sign is incorrect as it is not a recognized medical term related to childbirth.

Congenital retraction of the prepuce, so that the glans is permanently exposed, is known as

  • A. Phimosis
  • B. Paraphimosis
  • C. Hypospadias
  • D. Hermaphroditism
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Congenital retraction of the prepuce, leading to permanent glans exposure, describes paraphimosis. This condition occurs when the foreskin is pulled back and cannot return to its normal position, causing pain and swelling. Phimosis (A) is the inability to retract the foreskin over the glans. Hypospadias (C) is a urethral opening on the underside of the penis. Hermaphroditism (D) is a rare condition of having both male and female reproductive organs. Paraphimosis (B) is the specific term for the given scenario.

Deep transverse arrest is

  • A. Where flexion is always well maintained.
  • B. Caused by strong uterine contractions throughout labor.
  • C. Caused by a sacrum that is well curved.
  • D. Where the level of the occiput and the sinciput is the same.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because deep transverse arrest occurs when the level of the occiput and the sinciput is the same, leading to a failure of descent of the fetal head through the pelvis. This alignment issue hinders the progress of labor despite adequate contractions.

A: Incorrect. Flexion being well maintained is not a defining characteristic of deep transverse arrest.
B: Incorrect. While strong uterine contractions can contribute to labor challenges, deep transverse arrest is specifically related to the alignment of the fetal head.
C: Incorrect. The curvature of the sacrum is not directly related to deep transverse arrest.

The Brain Trauma Foundation recommends intracranial pressure monitoring for all of the following patients except those with

  • A. GCS of 3 to 8 and abnormal head CT
  • B. GCS of 3 to 8 and hypotension
  • C. GCS of 3 to 8 and > 40 years old
  • D. GCS of 3 to 8 and bradycardia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the Brain Trauma Foundation recommends intracranial pressure monitoring for patients with traumatic brain injury and a GCS of 3 to 8, regardless of the head CT findings. Intracranial pressure monitoring helps in the management of elevated intracranial pressure, which can be life-threatening. Abnormal head CT findings may indicate the need for immediate intervention, but intracranial pressure monitoring is still recommended for all patients in this GCS range to guide treatment decisions. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because hypotension, age > 40 years old, and bradycardia are not factors that would exclude a patient from needing intracranial pressure monitoring in the presence of a GCS of 3 to 8.

During induction of labor with syntocinon, drops increase is stopped prematurely on

  • A. Achieving three moderate contractions
  • B. Realizing normal maternal observations
  • C. Achieving progressive cervical dilatation
  • D. Observing normal fetal-related observations
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice C:
1. Progressive cervical dilatation indicates effective labor progress.
2. Stopping the syntocinon drops prematurely allows natural labor progression.
3. Prematurely stopping drops before reaching full dilation may hinder labor.
4. Achieving cervical dilatation is a crucial indicator for successful labor.

Summary:
A: Contractions should be strong, not just moderate.
B: Maternal observations alone do not determine labor progress.
D: Fetal-related observations are important but not the primary indicator for stopping drops.

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