Nokea
Identify the areas of symptom investigation using PQRST that still need to be addressed to provide additional important information (select all that apply).
- A. Timing
- B. Quality
- C. Severity
- D. Palliative
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answers are 'Timing,' 'Quality,' 'Severity,' and 'Precipitating.' Using the PQRST framework ensures comprehensive evaluation of symptoms. Timing refers to onset and duration; Quality describes the nature of the symptom; Severity quantifies intensity; and Precipitating factors explore triggers.
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Your postoperative patient develops a cellulitis in her leg. Your nursing treatments would include
- A. Keeping both her legs elevated as much as possible.
- B. Encouraging ambulation as much as possible to help with the blood flow.
- C. Application of ice four times a day for an hour each to reduce inflammation.
- D. Application of moisturizing lotion three times daily to keep the skin moist.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevation helps reduce swelling and improve circulation in cellulitis.
On the first postoperative day following a bowel resection, the patient complains of abdominal and incisional pain rated 9 on a scale of 0 to 10. Postoperative orders include morphine, 4 mg IV q2 hr, for pain and may repeat morphine, 4 mg IV, for breakthrough pain. The nurse determines that it has been only 2 hours since the last dose of morphine and wants to wait a little longer. What effect does the nurse’s action have on the patient?
- A. Protects the patient from addiction and toxic effects of the drug
- B. Prevents hastening or causing a patient’s death from respiratory dysfunction
- C. Contributes to unnecessary suffering and physical and psychosocial dysfunction
- D. Indicates that the nurse understands the adage of “start low and go slow” in administering analgesics
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Delaying pain relief contributes to unnecessary suffering and can negatively impact recovery.
What do you tell patients is the most important risk factor for lung cancer when you are teaching about lung cancer prevention?
- A. Cigarette smoking.
- B. Exposure to environmental/occupational carcinogens.
- C. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).
- D. Pipe or cigar smoking.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, accounting for the majority of cases worldwide.
Which of the following is a definitive sign of pregnancy?
- A. Amenorrhea
- B. Positive hCG
- C. Morning sickness
- D. Fetal heart sounds
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fetal heart sounds are a definitive sign of pregnancy, confirming the presence of a viable fetus.
An 88-year-old woman is brought to the health clinic for the first time by her 64-year-old daughter. During the initial comprehensive nursing assessment of the patient, what should the nurse do?
- A. Ask the daughter whether the patient has any urgent needs or problems.
- B. Interview the patient and daughter together so that pertinent information can be confirmed.
- C. Obtain a health history using a functional health pattern and assess activities of daily living (ADLs) and mental status.
- D. Refer the patient for an interdisciplinary comprehensive geriatric assessment because at her age she will have multiple needs.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing ADLs, mental status, and obtaining a thorough health history ensures comprehensive understanding of the patient's needs.