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Identify the type of study design described: Fifteen hundred adult men who worked for Lockheed Aircraft were initially examined in 1951 and were classified by diagnostic criteria for coronary artery disease. Every three years they have been reexamined for new cases of the disease; attack rates in different subgroups have been computed annually.
- A. Cohort study
- B. Case-control study
- C. Cross-sectional study
- D. Ecological study
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This ongoing follow-up represents a cohort study monitoring disease incidence.
You may also like to solve these questions
Married-unmarried, child-adult, male-female is
- A. Ordinal scale
- B. Interval scale
- C. Ratio scale
- D. Nominal scale
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These categories represent nominal scales as they classify without any inherent order.
Case-control studies allow the investigator to examine only one outcome at a time, but they permit examination of several different exposures at a time. Select a disease or other health outcome with which you are familiar and see how many potential exposures you can identify.
- A. Cancer
- B. Diabetes
- C. Heart disease
- D. Infectious diseases
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For example, in cancer studies, multiple exposures such as smoking, diet, radiation, and genetics can be assessed simultaneously.
The hallmark feature of an analytic epidemiologic study is:
- A. Use of an appropriate comparison group
- B. Laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis
- C. Publication in a peer-reviewed journal
- D. Statistical analysis using logistic regression
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The key feature of analytic studies is the use of a comparison group to assess associations.
Mortality experience is taken into consideration when defining
- A. General fertility rate
- B. Total fertility rate
- C. Net reproduction rate
- D. Gross reproduction rate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Net Reproduction Rate (NRR) considers mortality experience, as it reflects the average number of daughters a woman would have if she survived through her reproductive years.
Name the four major classes of pesticides.
- A. Organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids.
- B. Antibiotics, antifungals, herbicides, rodenticides.
- C. Insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, acaricides.
- D. Biological agents, synthetic agents, natural agents, chemical agents.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The four major classes of pesticides are organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids.