If a group includes only members selected on a specific basi...

If a group includes only members selected on a specific basis, such as women with a history of domestic or partner abuse, how is this type of group classified?

A. Homogeneous
B. Closed
C. Heterogeneous
D. Task

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A group with members sharing a specific characteristic, like domestic abuse history, is homogeneous (A). Closed (B) refers to membership limits, heterogeneous (C) to diversity, and task (D) to purpose.

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The nurse is interviewing a client with clinical depression. Which of the following risk factors would the nurse expect to find in the client's history? Select all that apply.

A. normal childhood
B. family history of depression
C. recent major life change
D. Lipitor used to treat high blood pressure

Correct Answer: B, C

Rationale: Family history of depression and recent major life changes are known risk factors for clinical depression. A normal childhood is not a risk factor, and Lipitor treats cholesterol, not blood pressure.

The physician has ordered intubation and mechanical ventilation for a client with periods of apnea following a closed head injury. Arterial blood gases reveal a pH of 7.47, PCO2 of 28, and HCO3 of 23. These findings indicate that the client has:

A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A pH of 7.47 and PCO2 of 28 indicate respiratory alkalosis, likely due to hyperventilation from the head injury.

The nurse is caring for a client who just had a supratentorial craniotomy to remove a tumor. The nurse will implement which of the following in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.

A. check the dressing every 8 hours for excessive drainage
B. assess the pupils for signs of increased intracranial pressure
C. position the client flat with the head rotated away from the surgical site
D. monitor the client's respiratory status, including rate and pattern of breathing
E. notify the health care provider if the dressing is saturated or the client has more than 50 mL of drainage in 8 hours

Correct Answer: B, D, E

Rationale: Monitoring pupils, respiratory status, and excessive drainage are critical to detect complications like increased intracranial pressure. Positioning flat is incorrect; the head should be elevated.

The nurse is assisting in the care of a patient who is 2 days post-operative from a hemorrhoidectomy. The nurse would be correct in instructing the patient to:

A. Avoid a high-fiber diet
B. Continue to use ice packs
C. Take a laxative daily to prevent constipation
D. Use a sitz bath after each bowel movement

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A sitz bath promotes healing and relieves pain after a hemorrhoidectomy by keeping the area clean and reducing inflammation.

The nurse is caring for a client who fractured her leg in a motor vehicle accident. A cast is applied. The nurse will assess which of the following? Select all that apply.

A. pulses
B. capillary refill
C. skin temperature
D. squeeze the cast every hour to check for firmness
E. assess for pain, numbness, tingling, or inability to move the toes

Correct Answer: A, B, C, E

Rationale: Assessing pulses, capillary refill, skin temperature, and neurovascular symptoms (pain, numbness, tingling, movement) ensures circulation and nerve function are intact; squeezing the cast is inappropriate.