Hematologic System Questions

Hematologic System Questions Related

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If a human system fails to function properly, what is the most likely result?

  • A. a stable rate of metabolism
  • B. a disturbance in homeostasis
  • C. a change in the method of cellular respiration
  • D. a change in the function of DNA
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: a disturbance in homeostasis. When a human system fails to function properly, homeostasis, the body's ability to maintain internal stability, is disrupted. This can lead to various health issues as the body struggles to maintain balance. Choices A, C, and D do not directly address the concept of homeostasis or the consequences of system failure, making them incorrect. Choice A (a stable rate of metabolism) does not reflect the impact of system failure on homeostasis. Choice C (a change in the method of cellular respiration) is too specific and does not encompass the broader consequences of system failure. Choice D (a change in the function of DNA) is not directly related to the immediate effects of system failure on the body's internal stability.

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A nurse is reviewing a client's repeat laboratory results 4 hr after administering fresh frozen plasma (FFP). Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review?

  • A. Prothrombin time
  • B. Hemoglobin level
  • C. Platelet count
  • D. White blood cell count
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prothrombin time. Prothrombin time measures the time it takes for blood to clot, which is crucial after administering fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to assess its effectiveness in improving clotting factors. Hemoglobin level, platelet count, and white blood cell count are not directly affected by FFP administration and would not provide specific information on clotting status.

Vitamin K deficiency. Which coagulation factor not affected?

  • A. Factor II
  • B. Factor VII
  • C. Factor VIII
  • D. Factor IX
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Factor VIII. Vitamin K deficiency primarily affects the synthesis of Factors II, VII, IX, and X. Factor VIII is not dependent on vitamin K for its synthesis since it is a co-factor for Factor IX. Therefore, Factor VIII levels remain unaffected in Vitamin K deficiency. Factors II, VII, and IX are all vitamin K-dependent factors, making them incorrect choices.

What is the most important nursing consideration when preparing to teach parents of a child with sickle cell disease?

  • A. Teach the parents and the child how to minimize sickle cell crises.
  • B. Refer the parents for genetic counseling once the child is well.
  • C. Observe for complications of multiple blood transfusions.
  • D. Help the child and family adjust generally to a chronic disease.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because educating parents and the child on how to minimize sickle cell crises is crucial in managing the disease effectively. By teaching them about triggers, symptoms, and preventive measures, they can proactively address potential crises and improve the child's quality of life. Referring for genetic counseling (B) is important but not the most immediate consideration. Observing for transfusion complications (C) is necessary but not the primary focus of teaching. Helping the family adjust (D) is important but not as urgent as minimizing crises.

Which of the following would the nurse perform to help alleviate a child’s joint pain associated with rheumatic fever?

  • A. Maintaining the joints in an extended position
  • B. Applying gentle traction to the child’s affected joints
  • C. Supporting proper alignment with rolled pillows
  • D. Using a bed cradle to avoid the weight of bed linens on the joints
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because using a bed cradle helps alleviate joint pain by avoiding pressure from bed linens. This reduces stress on the joints, promoting comfort and preventing further inflammation. Maintaining joints in an extended position (A) may worsen pain. Applying traction (B) can potentially aggravate the joints. Supporting alignment with pillows (C) may not directly address joint pain relief. Thus, D is the most suitable choice for alleviating joint pain in rheumatic fever.

Defining histopathologic cell for Hodgkin lymphoma?

  • A. Transformed cytotoxic T cell
  • B. Malignant NK cell
  • C. Reed-Sternberg cell
  • D. CD33+ clonal B cell
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reed-Sternberg cell. These large, abnormal cells are characteristic of Hodgkin lymphoma. They originate from B cells but have lost most B cell markers. They express CD30 and CD15. A is incorrect as Hodgkin lymphoma is not derived from cytotoxic T cells. B is incorrect as it is not a malignancy involving NK cells. D is incorrect as Hodgkin lymphoma does not involve CD33+ clonal B cells.