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If a regular diet is ordered, which between-meal snack should the nurse offer to help regulate the client's blood glucose level?
- A. A small carton of milk
- B. A small apple
- C. A handful of raisins
- D. A slice of bread
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A small carton of milk provides a balance of carbohydrates and protein to stabilize blood glucose in hypoglycemia.
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Based on the client's blood glucose measurement, the nurse immediately reevaluates the client. Which physician orders should the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.
- A. STAT serum blood glucose
- B. Intravenous regular insulin
- C. Vital signs every 2 hours
- D. A diet of six small, frequent meals
- E. Electronic glucometer measurements before meals and at bedtime
- F. Continuous cardiac monitoring
Correct Answer: A,B,E,F
Rationale: DKA with a glucose of 498 mg/dL requires STAT serum glucose, IV insulin, frequent glucometer checks, and cardiac monitoring.
After the client returns from surgery and resumes eating, the nurse should encourage the client to eat foods from which food group?
- A. Bread and cereals
- B. Milk and cheese
- C. Meat and seafood
- D. Fruit and vegetables
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Milk and cheese are rich in calcium, essential for clients post-parathyroidectomy to prevent hypocalcemia.
The nurse is teaching the client diagnosed with diabetes. Which should the nurse teach to limit the complications of diabetes?
- A. Teach the client to keep the blood glucose under 140 mg/dL.
- B. Demonstrate how to test the urine for ketones.
- C. Instruct the client to apply petroleum jelly between the toes.
- D. Allow the client to eat meals as desired and then take insulin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maintaining blood glucose <140 mg/dL prevents complications like neuropathy and retinopathy. Ketone testing is for type 1, petroleum jelly is incorrect, and meal-based insulin is unsafe.
Before administering this medication, what is essential for the nurse to ask the client?
- A. Do you have trouble swallowing?
- B. Do you keep the child form of medication?
- C. Have you had digestive disorders in the past?
- D. Is there a possibility you could be pregnant?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Propylthiouracil is contraindicated in pregnancy due to potential teratogenic effects.
Which sign/symptom should the nurse expect in the client diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?
- A. Excessive thirst.
- B. Orthopnea.
- C. Ascites.
- D. Concentrated urine output.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SIADH causes excessive ADH, leading to water retention, hyponatremia, and concentrated urine output due to reduced urine volume. Excessive thirst is typical of diabetes insipidus, orthopnea relates to heart failure, and ascites is linked to liver disease.