ATI TEAS Science Test

ATI TEAS Science Test Related

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If a scientist finds that the results of her experiment seem to contradict her hypothesis, what is the best course of action?

  • A. Publish the results anyway, acknowledging that her hypothesis seems to have been incorrect.
  • B. Keep trying the experiment until the results match her hypothesis.
  • C. Publish the results, retroactively changing the hypothesis.
  • D. None of the above; this cannot occur. The experimental results cannot contradict the hypothesis, by definition.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The best course of action is to publish the results anyway, acknowledging that her hypothesis seems to have been incorrect. Science relies on accurate reporting and transparency, even if the results do not align with the original hypothesis. This allows for further discussion, analysis, and potentially new hypotheses to be developed based on the findings. It is essential in scientific research to report both positive and negative results to contribute to the body of knowledge and advance understanding in the field. Choice B is incorrect because persisting with the same experiment to force results to align with the hypothesis goes against scientific integrity and may lead to biased conclusions. Choice C is incorrect as changing the hypothesis after obtaining results is not scientifically sound and undermines the credibility of the research. Choice D is incorrect because science embraces the possibility of experimental results contradicting hypotheses, as this provides valuable insights for refining theories and expanding scientific knowledge.

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How will mildly elevated levels of thyroxine affect the heart rate?

  • A. Stop the heart rate
  • B. No effect
  • C. Decrease the heart rate
  • D. Increase the heart rate
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Mildly elevated levels of thyroxine will increase the heart rate. Thyroxine, a hormone produced by the thyroid gland, regulates metabolism. Elevated thyroxine levels can lead to increased metabolism, resulting in an elevated heart rate. Choice A is incorrect as mildly elevated thyroxine levels do not stop the heart rate. Choice B is incorrect because elevated thyroxine levels do have an effect on heart rate. Choice C is incorrect as elevated thyroxine levels typically lead to an increase rather than a decrease in heart rate.

Which statement correctly matches the valve with its function in the heart?

  • A. The aortic valve allows oxygenated blood to flow from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.
  • B. The mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
  • C. The pulmonic valve allows deoxygenated blood to flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery.
  • D. The tricuspid valve allows deoxygenated blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The aortic valve allows oxygenated blood to flow from the left ventricle to the rest of the body. When the left ventricle contracts, the aortic valve opens to allow blood to be pumped into the aorta, the body's main artery that carries oxygen-rich blood to various parts of the body. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not match the described functions of the mitral, pulmonic, and tricuspid valves, respectively. The mitral valve controls the flow of blood between the left atrium and left ventricle, the pulmonic valve regulates the flow of blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery, and the tricuspid valve manages the blood flow between the right atrium and right ventricle.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a homeostatic mechanism?

  • A. Shivering when the body temperature falls.
  • B. Increasing heart rate when blood pressure is low.
  • C. Weight gain when consuming excess calories.
  • D. Secreting insulin to decrease blood sugar concentration.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Weight gain when consuming excess calories is not an example of a homeostatic mechanism. Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. The other options listed (A, B, and D) involve physiological responses aimed at restoring balance or stability within the body (e.g., regulating body temperature, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels). Shivering, increasing heart rate, and secreting insulin are mechanisms to counteract specific imbalances and maintain internal equilibrium. In contrast, weight gain due to excess calorie intake does not represent a specific regulatory mechanism but rather an outcome of energy imbalance. The body stores excess energy as fat rather than actively regulating a physiological parameter to restore balance.

What are substances that stimulate adaptive immunity called?

  • A. Peptides
  • B. Phagocytes
  • C. Prions
  • D. Platelets
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Substances that stimulate adaptive immunity are called peptides. Peptides are short chains of amino acids that play a crucial role in activating the immune response by interacting with immune cells such as T cells and B cells. Peptides are important in antigen presentation and recognition, leading to the development of specific immune responses against pathogens. Choice B, phagocytes, are cells that engulf and digest pathogens but are not substances that stimulate adaptive immunity. Choice C, prions, are infectious agents made of misfolded proteins and are not related to stimulating adaptive immunity. Choice D, platelets, are cell fragments involved in blood clotting and have no direct role in stimulating adaptive immunity.

During the process of oogenesis, primary oocytes produce:

  • A. sperm.
  • B. eggs.
  • C. oogonia.
  • D. stem cells.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: During the process of oogenesis, primary oocytes undergo meiosis to develop into secondary oocytes, which are the matured eggs released during ovulation for potential fertilization. Therefore, primary oocytes produce eggs, not sperm, oogonia, or stem cells, during oogenesis. Choice A (sperm) is incorrect as sperm is produced through spermatogenesis in males. Choice C (oogonia) is incorrect as oogonia are the cells that give rise to primary oocytes but are not the direct product of primary oocytes. Choice D (stem cells) is incorrect as primary oocytes do not directly produce stem cells during oogenesis.

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