Nokea
If Dr. Maple is a behaviorist, he would most likely believe that the cause of a child's disruptive behavior in school is the result of?
- A. A learning disability.
- B. His genetic inheritance.
- C. His prior experiences.
- D. A combination of his genetic inheritance and his prior experiences.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Behaviorists, like Dr. Maple, focus on how behavior is learned through interactions with the environment. They would attribute a child's disruptive behavior to their prior experiences rather than genetic factors. Choice A, a learning disability, relates more to cognitive or developmental perspectives. Choice B, genetic inheritance, is more aligned with biological or genetic theories. Choice D combines genetic and experiential factors, but behaviorists typically emphasize the influence of the environment on behavior.
You may also like to solve these questions
Dr. Kali works with clients to help them learn deep relaxation. Next, he has them list their fears from least to most anxiety-provoking. Finally, Dr. Kali slowly exposes his clients to each of their fears and assists them in gaining control of their anxiety. His approach is best known as?
- A. Systematic desensitization
- B. Aversion therapy
- C. Flooding
- D. Fear therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, systematic desensitization. This therapy involves a step-by-step exposure to feared stimuli, helping individuals manage and reduce their anxiety. In this case, Dr. Kali's method of listing fears from least to most anxiety-provoking and gradually exposing clients to them aligns with the principles of systematic desensitization. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Aversion therapy involves associating an undesirable behavior with an unpleasant stimulus, flooding involves immediate and intense exposure to feared stimuli, and 'fear therapy' is a broad term that does not specifically describe the systematic exposure and relaxation techniques used in systematic desensitization.
Which of the following groups of psychologists would be most likely to focus on individual uniqueness, freedom, and potential for growth as a person?
- A. Behaviorists
- B. Psychoanalysts
- C. Humanists
- D. Gestalt psychologists
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Humanists. Humanistic psychologists emphasize individual uniqueness, freedom, and the potential for personal growth. They believe in the importance of personal experiences and self-actualization. Behaviorists (choice A) focus on observable behaviors and environmental influences. Psychoanalysts (choice B) are more concerned with unconscious processes and early childhood experiences. Gestalt psychologists (choice D) concentrate on perception and the organization of experience, rather than individual uniqueness and personal growth.
Albert has brown eyes, even though one of his biological parents has blue eyes. Genes for blue eyes are part of Albert's ___.
- A. Phenotype
- B. Zygote
- C. Genotype
- D. Environment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albert's genotype refers to the genetic makeup inherited from his parents, which includes the genes for blue eyes. The phenotype, on the other hand, is the observable trait, in this case, brown eyes. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Choice A (Phenotype) is incorrect as it refers to the observable characteristics, not the genetic information. Choice B (Zygote) is incorrect as it refers to the initial stage of a developing organism. Choice D (Environment) is incorrect as it does not directly determine eye color.
Alicia, 5 years old, knows that she will take a bath at 6:05, change clothes at 6:15, eat breakfast at 6:20, commute to school at 6:40, and join the assembly at 7:00. A child's awareness of his or her scripts or daily routine is classified under which type of memory?
- A. Semantic memory
- B. Nondeclarative memory
- C. Generic memory
- D. Autobiographical memory
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Autobiographical memory. Autobiographical memory refers to the memory of a person's life events, such as daily routines and personal experiences. In this scenario, Alicia's awareness of her daily routine falls under autobiographical memory as she remembers specific events related to her own life. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Semantic memory is related to general knowledge about the world, nondeclarative memory involves memories that are not consciously recalled, and generic memory is not a recognized memory classification.
According to John Watson, behavior is governed primarily by?
- A. Heredity.
- B. Personal motives.
- C. The environment.
- D. Unconscious desires.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: According to John Watson, behavior is primarily governed by environmental factors. Watson was a behaviorist who emphasized the influence of the environment on behavior. He believed that behavior is shaped by external stimuli and experiences, rather than internal factors like heredity or unconscious desires. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align with Watson's perspective on behaviorism.