Nokea
If the nurse has to clean up a spill of antineoplastic drug, which of the following personal protective equipment should be worn?
- A. Gloyes
- B. Safety goggles
- C. Gown
- D. Chemical spill boots
- E. NIOSH-approved respirator
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: A nurse should wear a gown, safety goggles, gloves, and a NIOSH-approved respirator when cleaning up a spill of an antineoplastic drug.
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A client has been prescribed melphalan for the treatment of an ovarian tumor. The client wants to know how the drug acts. Which of the following would the nurse integrate into the response?
- A. Increased acidity of the cell environment
- B. Change to a more alkaline cell environment
- C. Neutralization of the alkalinity of the cell environment
- D. Change in the cell to a neutral environment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should explain to the client that the alkylating agent changes the cell to a more alkaline environment, which in turn damages malignant cells, which are more susceptible to the effects of the alkylating drugs. Alkylating drugs do not increase the acidity of the cell environment, neutralize the alkalinity of the cell environment, or change the cell to a neutral environment.
A nurse is caring for a client being treated with antineoplastic drugs. The client is at risk for thrombocytopenia due to bone marrow suppression. The nurse would assess the client for which of the following?
- A. Bloody urine
- B. Concentrated urine
- C. Frequent micturition
- D. Pain on urination
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should monitor for bloody urine in a client at risk for thrombocytopenia due to bone marrow suppression. Concentrated urine, frequent micturition, or pain on urination is not indicative of thrombocytopenia.
Which of the following should be included in the nurse's preadministration assessment before administering the first dose of an antineoplastic drug?
- A. Blood glucose
- B. Weight
- C. Fasting lipid panel
- D. Blood pressure
- E. Temperature
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: The nurse's preadministration assessment before the administration of the first dose of an antineoplastic drug should include the client's vital signs (blood pressure, temperature, pulse, and respiratory rate) and weight (to ensure accurate drug dosing).
Which of the following cytoprotective agents can be given along with antineoplastic drugs to help prevent or lessen certain adverse effects?
- A. Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
- B. Amifostine (Ethyol)
- C. Leucovorin (Wellcovorin)
- D. Mesna (Mesnex)
- E. Dexrazoxane (Zinecard)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Allopurinol (Zyloprim), amifostine (Ethyol), leucovorin (Wellcovorin), mesna (Mesnex), and dexrazoxane (Zinecard) are cytoprotective agents that can be given along with antineoplastic drugs to help prevent or lessen certain adverse effects.
The nurse suspects that a client is developing leukopenia and notifies the primary health care provider based on assessment of which of the following?
- A. Temperature of 100.4°F or higher
- B. Cough
- C. Sore throat
- D. Frequent urination
- E. White blood cell count of less than 2500/mm³
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: The nurse should notify the physician immediately if any of the following occur during observation of a client receiving an antineoplastic drug as they may be signs of leukopenia: temperature of 100.4°F or higher, cough, sore throat, chills, frequent urination, or a white blood cell count of less than 2500/mm³.