Nokea
Immobilization causes what effect on metabolism?
- A. Hypocalcemia
- B. Decreased metabolic rate
- C. Positive nitrogen balance
- D. Increased levels of stress hormones
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Immobilization reduces metabolic rate, slowing systems and food intake. It causes hypercalcemia, negative nitrogen balance from muscle atrophy, and decreased stress hormone production due to reduced coping capacity.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse stops to assist an adolescent who has experienced severe trauma when hit by a motorcycle. The emergency medical system (EMS) has been activated. The first person who provided assistance applied a tourniquet to the childs leg because of arterial bleeding. What should the nurse do related to the tourniquet?
- A. Loosen the tourniquet.
- B. Leave the tourniquet in place.
- C. Remove the tourniquet and apply direct pressure if bleeding is still present.
- D. Remove the tourniquet every 5 minutes, leaving it off for 30 seconds each time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A tourniquet, used as a last resort for arterial bleeding, must remain in place until definitive treatment to avoid releasing toxins from necrotic tissue, which could cause tourniquet shock. Loosening or removing it prematurely risks systemic complications.
A child is upset because, when the cast is removed from her leg, the skin surface is caked with desquamated skin and sebaceous secretions. What technique should the nurse suggest to remove this material?
- A. Soak in a bathtub.
- B. Vigorously scrub the leg.
- C. Carefully pick material off the leg.
- D. Apply powder to absorb the material.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Soaking in a bathtub gently removes desquamated skin and secretions over days, avoiding skin damage. Scrubbing or picking risks excoriation, and powder is ineffective; oil or lotion may help comfort, not removal.
A child with a hip spica cast is being prepared for discharge. Recognizing that caring for a child at home is complex, the nurse should include what instructions for the parents discharge teaching?
- A. Turn every 8 hours.
- B. Specially designed car restraints are necessary.
- C. Diapers should be avoided to reduce soiling of the cast.
- D. Use an abduction bar between the legs to aid in turning.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Specially designed car restraints ensure safe transport for a child in a hip spica cast. Turning should occur more frequently, diapers are needed to maintain cleanliness, and the abduction bar is not used for turning to avoid cast damage.
What is the recommended drink for athletes during practice and competition?
- A. Sports drinks to replace carbohydrates
- B. Cold water for gastrointestinal tract rapid absorption
- C. Carbonated beverages to help with acid-base balance
- D. Enhanced performance carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cold water, consumed 4-8 oz every 15-20 minutes, promotes rapid gastric and intestinal absorption for hydration. Sports drinks may cause gastrointestinal upset, carbonated beverages are discouraged, and enhanced drinks lack evidence of performance benefits.
The middle school nurse is speaking to parents about prevention of injuries as a goal of the physical education program. How should the goal be achieved?
- A. Use of protective equipment at the familys discretion
- B. Education of adults to recognize signs that indicate a risk for injury
- C. Sports medicine program to help student athletes work through overuse injuries
- D. Arrangements for multiple sports to use same athletic fields to accommodate more children
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Educating adults to recognize fatigue, dehydration, and injury risk signs prevents sports injuries. Protective equipment is mandatory, working through overuse injuries is harmful, and shared fields increase distraction and injury risk.