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In a population of dogs, fur color is controlled by two alleles: black (B) and tan (b). The black allele shows complete dominance. If a dog has a tan fur phenotype, what is its genotype?
- A. BB
- B. Bb
- C. bb
- D. Not enough information
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: If a dog displays a tan fur phenotype, it indicates that the dog possesses two tan alleles, represented by the genotype bb. In this case, the dog cannot have any black alleles (B) since the black allele demonstrates complete dominance over the tan allele. Therefore, the correct genotype for a dog with a tan fur phenotype is bb.
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In a population of dogs, fur color is determined by two alleles: black (B) and tan (b). The black allele shows complete dominance. If a dog has tan fur, what is its genotype?
- A. BB
- B. Bb
- C. bb
- D. Not enough information
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a dog has tan fur, it indicates that it has two recessive alleles for tan fur, which is represented as bb. Since black (B) is dominant over tan (b), the genotype of a dog with tan fur must be bb.
Which of the following statements about antibiotics is incorrect?
- A. They can interfere with the bacteria's ability to survive.
- B. They can affect how bacteria multiply.
- C. They can cause more bacteria to grow.
- D. They only work on bacteria.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antibiotics are medications designed to inhibit or kill bacteria. Options A and B are true statements about antibiotics, as they interfere with bacteria's ability to survive and affect their multiplication. However, antibiotics do not cause more bacteria to grow; instead, they aim to decrease bacterial growth by killing or inhibiting them. Therefore, the statement in option C is incorrect, making it the correct answer.
Which disease is caused by a bacterium?
- A. AIDS (HIV).
- B. Strep throat.
- C. Mumps.
- D. Common cold.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
In a phospholipid, the head:
- A. Is hydrophilic
- B. Is hydrophobic
- C. Faces the outer side of the layer
- D. Both A and C
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The head of a phospholipid is hydrophilic, meaning it is water-loving, and faces the outer side of the lipid bilayer. This arrangement allows the hydrophilic head to interact with water while the hydrophobic tails are shielded from it. Therefore, option D, 'Both A and C,' is the correct answer as the head is hydrophilic and faces the outer side of the layer.
A child is sick. They have a body temperature that exceeds 37Å—C. The body senses this and begins to sweat in order to lower the temperature. What is this an example of?
- A. Positive feedback loop
- B. Negative feedback loop
- C. Both
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This scenario describes a negative feedback loop. In negative feedback, the body's response works to reverse the initial stimulus, in this case, sweating to lower the elevated body temperature. This mechanism helps maintain homeostasis by regulating the body's temperature back to the normal range.