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In addition to basic managerial functions of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling, leaders are ascribed:
- A. Procedural and external roles
- B. Procedural and internal roles
- C. Strategic and internal roles
- D. Strategic and external roles
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leaders handle strategic/external roles unlike procedural B) or internal. Nurse leaders like community outreach go beyond management, contrasting with routine. In healthcare, this expands influence, aligning leadership with broader impact.
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As a staff nurse, you notice that patients often wait extended periods for call light responses. You suggest to your nurse manager that staff review response times and propose a staffing adjustment plan. Your suggestion reflects:
- A. A need to increase managerial control
- B. Commitment to patient-centered care
- C. Evidence of staff resistance to change
- D. A desire to shift responsibility to the manager
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reviewing call light delays and adjusting staffing shows patient-centered care speeding responses to ease patient distress, a priority. It's not control, resistance, or shirking staff act. As a nurse, you focus on comfort, aligning with care quality, engaging peers to fix a bottleneck, boosting satisfaction, a direct response to patient needs rooted in empathy and action.
A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Ask the client to look upward while instilling the drops
- B. Place the drops directly onto the cornea
- C. Wipe the eye from outer to inner canthus
- D. Hold the dropper 5 cm (2 in) above the eye
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering eye drops requires technique to ensure delivery and comfort. Asking the client to look upward while instilling drops positions the cornea away from the dropper, allowing medication to pool in the lower conjunctival sac, minimizing irritation and maximizing absorption per standard protocol. Placing drops on the cornea risks injury and reflex blinking, wiping outer to inner spreads contaminants toward the tear duct, and holding 5 cm (2 in) above is excessive 1-2 cm avoids splashing. Looking upward is safe, effective, and client-friendly, aligning with nursing practice to deliver ocular meds accurately, preventing complications like infection or trauma in a delicate area.
A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely?
- A. Sodium
- B. Potassium
- C. Calcium
- D. Magnesium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: With furosemide in heart failure, potassium needs close watch, not sodium, calcium, or magnesium. This loop diuretic dumps potassium hypokalemia risks arrhythmias, critical in HF. Sodium shifts, but potassium's more acute. Leadership monitors this imagine a cramping patient; it guides replacement, ensuring safety. This reflects nursing's electrolyte oversight, aligning with cardiac care effectively.
A nurse is assessing a 70-year-old client. What gastrointestinal abnormality does the nurse recognize is common in clients of this age?
- A. Diverticulosis
- B. Intestinal obstructions
- C. Appendicitis
- D. Diverticulitis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a 70-year-old, diverticulosis pouches in the colon is common, unlike obstructions, appendicitis, or diverticulitis, which is inflammation of those pouches. Aging slows motility and weakens walls, raising diverticulosis risk; it's often asymptomatic but prevalent. Obstructions or appendicitis aren't age-specific, and diverticulitis requires infection. Leadership means knowing this imagine screening an elder with vague discomfort; recognizing diverticulosis guides diet advice, preventing complications. This reflects nursing's role in age-appropriate care, enhancing safety and health in geriatric populations effectively.
When your text says that interpersonal communication can be thought of as a constellation of behaviors, it means that
- A. It is important to understand the joint actions people perform when they are together
- B. It is important to understand how people label and evaluate relationships
- C. It is important to understand the opposing forces that pull communicators in different directions
- D. None of the above; interpersonal communication is not a constellation of behaviors
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Constellation means joint actions , not labels, forces, or denial. Nurse leaders like team dynamics see this, contrasting with solo acts. In healthcare, it's collaborative, aligning leadership with interaction.