Nokea
In all organisms, what is the basic unit of structure and function?
- A. the atom
- B. the molecule
- C. the macromolecule
- D. the cell
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'the cell.' Cells are considered the basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms. While atoms are the smallest units of matter, they do not represent the basic unit of structure and function in organisms. Molecules are made up of atoms and can vary in size and complexity, but they are not the fundamental unit of life. Macromolecules are large molecules essential for life processes, but they are composed of atoms and do not function as the basic unit of structure and function in organisms. Therefore, the cell, with its organelles and specialized functions, is the correct answer.
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Metabolism is defined as _____.
- A. the removal of wastes produced by chemical reactions
- B. the breakdown of substances into simpler forms
- C. the taking in of nutrients
- D. all the chemical reactions occurring in an organism that support life
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metabolism refers to all the chemical reactions that take place within an organism to sustain life, including processes such as breaking down molecules, building new molecules, and energy production. Choice A is incorrect because it describes excretion rather than metabolism. Choice B is incorrect as it specifically refers to the breakdown of substances, not encompassing the entirety of metabolic processes. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses solely on nutrient intake, which is just one aspect of metabolism.
An anatomical section that separates the body into right and left portions is a _______ section.
- A. frontal
- B. transverse
- C. coronal
- D. sagittal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'sagittal.' A sagittal section divides the body into right and left portions. Choice A, 'frontal,' is incorrect as it divides the body into front and back portions. Choice B, 'transverse,' divides the body into upper and lower portions. Choice C, 'coronal,' divides the body into anterior and posterior portions. Therefore, 'sagittal' is the most appropriate term for a section separating the body into right and left portions.
When the body is placed in the anatomical position, which of the following is not true?
- A. The head is facing to the front.
- B. The palms are facing forward.
- C. The body is erect.
- D. The upper limbs are at the sides.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the anatomical position, the palms are facing forward, not backward. Choice A is correct because the head is indeed facing to the front. Choice C is correct as the body is erect. Choice D is correct as the upper limbs are positioned at the sides. Therefore, the incorrect statement is that the palms are facing forward.
Is oxygen the primary raw material for new living material?
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While oxygen is essential for many living organisms, it is not the primary raw material for new living material. The primary raw materials for new living material are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur, collectively known as CHNOPS elements. These elements are the building blocks of biological molecules and are essential for life. Therefore, the correct answer is False. Choices C and D are incorrect because the primary raw materials for new living material are well-established in biology.
Which of the following is not part of the female reproductive system?
- A. The uterus
- B. The uterine tube
- C. The vulva
- D. The bulbourethral gland
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The bulbourethral gland is not part of the female reproductive system. This gland is part of the male reproductive system and is responsible for producing a clear fluid that helps in lubrication during sexual activity. Choices A, B, and C are part of the female reproductive system. The uterus is where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus. The uterine tube (fallopian tube) transports eggs from the ovary to the uterus. The vulva includes the external genital organs of the female.