Nokea
In Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID), which of the following is a characteristic clinical feature?
- A. Do not prefer foods with strong smells
- B. Do not prefer bland foods
- C. Do not have weight concerns
- D. Do not prefer solid foods
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ARFID involves food avoidance without body image concerns, unlike AN; lack of weight concerns is a key feature per DSM-5.
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All of the following are ways that you can reduce your contributions to ground ozone pollution except
- A. Conserving energy at home and at school
- B. Carpooling more to reduce pollution
- C. Use low VOC paints
- D. Stop smoking
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stopping smoking reduces personal health risks but has minimal direct impact on ground-level ozone, unlike the other options.
Bob has never met Madonna but he is convinced that she is deeply in love with him. Bob is suffering from
- A. grandiose delusions
- B. jealous delusions
- C. obsessive-compulsive disorder
- D. erotomanic delusions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This should be D (erotomanic delusions), where a person believes someone, often a celebrity, is in love with them; the answer key may be incorrect as grandiose delusions involve exaggerated self-importance.
A pediatric nurse at the clinic interviews a 14-year-old client who is dressed in baggy clothes and two sweaters on a warm day. The client admits to not having had her period for 4 months. The nurse notes fine downy hair along the client's cheeks. Vital signs are T, 36.6; P, 64; and BP, 84/50. Which additional objective sign would best support the nurse's assessment that the client has anorexia nervosa?
- A. Weight 15% below normal for her height.
- B. Eroded dental enamel.
- C. Parotid gland enlargement.
- D. Dehydration.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Weight 15% below normal for her height. In anorexia nervosa, individuals have a fear of gaining weight leading to severe weight loss. A weight 15% below normal for her height indicates significant weight loss, a hallmark feature of anorexia nervosa. This is supported by the client's baggy clothes, two sweaters on a warm day, and absence of menstrual periods, which are common signs of anorexia nervosa.
Choice B: Eroded dental enamel is a sign of bulimia nervosa, not anorexia nervosa. Choice C: Parotid gland enlargement is seen in bulimia nervosa due to frequent vomiting, not anorexia nervosa. Choice D: Dehydration is a general sign and not specific to anorexia nervosa.
People with disabilities (PWD):
- A. Have higher mortality rate due to their underlying bodily impairments
- B. Have a thinner margin of health compared to general population
- C. In the UK had lower infection and mortality rate during the Covid pandemic
- D. Have lesser secondary functional loss when they fall sick
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: PWD have a thinner margin of health, meaning they are more vulnerable to health declines, per global health data.
Which point should be included in teaching patients and families about relapse?
- A. Patients who relapse are those who have failed to take their medications.
- B. Caffeine and nicotine can reduce the effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs.
- C. With support, education, and adherence to treatment, patients will not relapse.
- D. Posthospitalization education about medication side effects is usually ineffective.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer B is correct:
1. Caffeine and nicotine are known to reduce the effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs.
2. Teaching patients and families about this can help them understand the importance of avoiding these substances.
3. By avoiding caffeine and nicotine, patients can improve the effectiveness of their treatment and reduce the risk of relapse.
4. This information empowers patients and families to make informed decisions to support treatment outcomes.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
A: Incorrect because relapse can occur due to various factors, not just medication non-adherence.
C: Incorrect because relapse is a complex issue that may not be entirely prevented even with support, education, and adherence.
D: Incorrect because education about medication side effects is still valuable, even if it may not entirely prevent relapse.